Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HISTO BLOCK 2 > Myasthenia Gravis > Flashcards

Myasthenia Gravis Flashcards

1
Q

what is Myasthenia Gravis

A

it is a complex autoimmune disorder where the antibodies destroy the neuromuscular connections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what problems does MG cause?

A

causes problems with the nerves that communicate with muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does MG affect

A

the voluntary muscles of the body like the

  • eyes
  • mouth
  • throat
  • limbs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

weakness and rapid fatigue of the muscle under voluntary control is usually characteristic of what diorder

A

Myasthenia Gravis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

is there a cure for MG

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

some symptoms of MG

A
  • droopy eyelids
  • weakness of arms and legs
  • double vision
  • difficulties speaking, chewing, swallowing, and breathing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MG is common in who

A

women younger then 40 and men older than 60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the three types of MG in children?

A
  1. Congenital MG
  2. Transient Neonatal MG
  3. Juvenile MG
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which kind of MG is this:

a very rare non immune for of MG that is inherited as an autosomal receive disease. SO in this case both males and females are affected equally. There are two copies of the gene because you inherit one from mom and one from dad. MUST HAVE BOTH. Symptoms will usually being in the first year of baby and are life long

A

Congenital MG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which kind of MG is this:

This is when 10-20% of babies who are born to a mother who currently has MG, temporarily have MG themselves. This happens when antibodies that are similar to MG cross the placenta to the developing fetus. This only last for a few weeks and the baby does not have a greater likelihood to develop this disease later in life.

A

Transient Neonatal MG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which kind of MG is this:

this develops quickly in females adolescents (caucasian) and it is an autoimmune disorder. This is life long and may go in and out of remission.

A

Juvenile MG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

10% of MG cases are?

A

Juvenile onset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

symptoms for babies with transient neonatal MG

A
  • poor sucking
    -weakness
    -respiratory difficulty
  • this goes away after antibodes disappear
    some babies may need a mechanical breathing machine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Congenital MG symtoms

A
  • weakness in arms and legs
  • delayed motor skills like crawling, sitting, walking
  • difficulty feeding
  • weak eyelids
  • poor head control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Juvenile MG symptoms

A
  • fatigue
  • problems chewing and swallowing
  • droop eyelids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the first sign and symptom in more than 1/2 of the people with MG

A

eye problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ptosis

A

drooping of one or both eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

diplopia

A

double vision (horizontal or vertical)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

eye problems associated with MG

A
  • ptosis
  • diplopia
  • blurred vision
20
Q

Fascial and throat problems with MG include

A
  • speech difficulty
  • swallowing difficulty
  • chewing difficulty
  • fascial expression (lost smile)
21
Q

in what percent of people is fascial and throat problems the first symptom in MG

A

15%

22
Q

Arm and leg problems with MG

A
  • weakness
  • arms are affected more then legs
  • waddle walking (legs affected)
23
Q

you should see a doctor for MG if…

A

having difficulty

  • breathing
  • seeing
  • swallowing
  • chewing
  • walking
24
Q

how many of the symptoms does a patient have to have for MG to be predicted?

A

at least 2

25
Q

MG causes fewer what on a muscle cell

A

receptor sites

26
Q

what is believed to trigger or maintain the production of MG antibodies

A

thymus gland

27
Q

in adults with MG what size can the thymus gland be

A

large

28
Q

some factors that can worsen MG

A
  • fatigue
  • stress
  • heat
  • beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, some anitbiotics
29
Q

what is myasthenia crisis

A

a life threatening condition when the muscles that control respiration become to weak to perform their job

30
Q

about how many people have a tumor on their thymus who also have MG

A

15%

31
Q

what is the disease of the immune system that results in painful and swollen joints, hair loss, and extreme fatigue as well as a red (butterfly) shaped rash on the face

A

lupus

32
Q

what is caused by problems with the immune system and is conspicuous with the wrist and fingers. can cause joint deformation that makes it difficult to use ones hands

A

rheumatoid arthritis

33
Q

what test is used to confirm MG

A

tensilon test

34
Q

what happens in a tensilon test

A

a small amount of Tension is injected into the child’s. if MG is present an immediate but brief increase in muscle tone is noted

35
Q

what are 4 diagnostic test (other then tensilon test) used to test for MG

A
  • blood test
  • genetic test
  • EMG
  • Muscle biopsy
36
Q

what is known to block the enzyme that breaks down Ach

A

endrophonium

37
Q

repetetive nerve stimulation

A

electrodes are placed on muscle to see if nerves have the ability to send signal. For MG it will be tested to see if the signal lessens with fatigue

38
Q

what is used to determine if there is a tumor on the thymus

A

CT or MRI

39
Q

cholinesterase inhibitors do what

A

enhance communication between nerves and muscles (mestinon)

40
Q

Corticosteriods

A

inhibit the immune system from making antibodies

41
Q

for corticosteriods you must start low why

A

because the patient will gain a resistance to them over time (last resort)

42
Q

2 types of therapy

A
  1. Plasmapheresis
43
Q

what kind of therapy uses a filtering process similar to dialysis to remove the bad anitbodies (effects usually only last for a few weeks)

A

plasmapheresis

44
Q

what kind of therapy supplies the body with normal antibodies and helps to alter immune system response

A

IV immune globulin

45
Q

thymectomy

A

surgically removing the thymus gland

46
Q

what two non medical things can help G

A

Yoga and Pranayma- Yoga breathing

47
Q

what is a vegetable to provides natural steroid like nutritious elements which help to strengthen weakened muscle cause by MG

A

asparagus

HISTO BLOCK 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions