Mutation and Genetic Code

Question 1

ORF

Answer 1

open reading frame - portion of dna molecule that, when translated to amino acids, contains no stop codons

Question 2

missense mutation

Answer 2

non syn change that alters amino acid identity

Question 3

frameshift mutation

Answer 3

insertion or deletion (indel) of base pairs, to shift the reading frame and
eventually produce a premature stop codon

Question 4

nonsense mutation

Answer 4

Converts a codon encoding an amino acid to a stop codon

Question 5

how do cells destroy mRNAs with premature stop codons?

Answer 5

nonsense-mediated decay. however transcripts with the nonsense codons in the last exon are spared

Question 6

are human gene names italicized or not?

Answer 6

yes

Question 7

are human protein names italicized or not?

Answer 7

no