DNA Replication

Question 1

direction of exonuclease activity

Answer 1

3-5, proof reading

Question 2

a slow fork rate has what type of initiation

Answer 2

more frequent initiation

Question 3

DNA polymerazation

Answer 3

5-3 (last nucleotide is base paired)

Question 4

exonuclease activity

Answer 4

3-5 (last nucleotide is not base paired)

Question 5

FEN1

Answer 5

flap endonuclease, removes primers

Question 6

Topoisomerase I

Answer 6

relieves torsional stress

Question 7

RPA

Answer 7

replication protein A, single stranded binding protein (SSB), attaches to separated strands to keep them from re-associating

Question 8

5-FU

Answer 8

used for colorectal factor, turns int FUTP

Question 9

what helps continue DNA replication for the lagging strand

Answer 9

telomerase

Question 10

what helps prevent abnormal fusion events

Answer 10

shelterin protein complex

Question 11

what are some rare telomere diseases

Answer 11

dyskeratosis congenita (DKC), bone marrow failure

Question 12

DNA replication errors

Answer 12

misincorporation, polymerase slippage

Question 13

DNA metabolism error

Answer 13

topoisomerase error

Question 14

Damination

Answer 14

cytosine to uracil (enz. or spont.)

Question 15

Depurination

Answer 15

loss of guanine or adenine (spontaneous)

Question 16

MGMT

Answer 16

repairs o6-methylguanine, direct repair - makes guanine

Question 17

FAP2

Answer 17

familial adenomatous Polyposis 2: autosomal recessive disorder. caused by MYH gene

Question 18

two clinical correlates of nucleotide excision repair

Answer 18

xeroderma pigmentosum and cockayne

Question 19

Lynch Syndrome AKA?

Answer 19

HNPCC (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer). correlation with mismatch

Question 20

microsatellite instability

Answer 20

happens in repetitive sequences

Question 21

which end joining process has higher fidelity?

Answer 21

homologous recombination

Question 22

Irinotecan

Answer 22

Topisomerase inhibitor used to treat colorectal cancer

Question 23

Oxaliplatin

Answer 23

induces DNA damage and is a highly effective component of a combination chemotherapy used to treat testicular cancer. Microtuble inhibitors interfere with mitosis and chromosome segregation.

Question 24

Fanconi Anemia

Answer 24

Fanconi anemia is primarily an autosomal recessive disorder that is caused by mutations in any of a set of 15 genes involved in DNA repair. Cells from patients are hypersensitive to DNA cross-linking agents and develop
chromosomal aberrations including breakage. Patients show developmental abnormalities
in major organ systems, upper limb malformations, early-onset bone marrow failure, and a high predisposition to cancer.