Mutation

Question 1

Structural mutations

Answer 1

Deletion, insertion, duplication, inversion, reciprocal translocation, fusion, fission, chromosomal duplication, whole genome duplication

Question 2

Linkage disequilibrium

Answer 2

When an allele at one locus is found together in a population more often than expected by chance with an allele at a second locus
Can be produced by natural selection (epistasis)

Question 3

Mutation rate

Answer 3

Probability that offspring carries a mutation

Question 4

Epistasis

Answer 4

A situation in which the effect of an allele at one locus depends on the allele at a second locus
Combination leads to higher fitness

Question 5

Pleiotropy

Answer 5

A single mutation affects multiple traits

Question 6

Two effects of mutation

Answer 6

Pleiotropy

Effects on fitness

Question 7

High mutation rates

Answer 7

In populations with low genetic variation

Asexual species

Question 8

Selection coefficient

Answer 8

Effect mutation has on survival
-most mutations
Eg: SC= -0.1 —> decreases survival by 10%

Question 9

Are mutations random

Answer 9

Transition mutations are more likely than transversions
-not all mutations equally likely
Mutations are random with respect to what will increase fitness

Question 10

Maternal effect

Answer 10

When the genotype or phenotype of the mother directly influences the phenotype of her offspring