Mussolini's foreign policy Flashcards
When was the four power pact
1933
Who was the four power pact between
Britain, France, Italy and Germany
What did the four power pact want?
smaller nations to have less power in greater politics
what did the four power pact lead to?
German- polish non aggression pact
when was the pacification of Libya?
1928-1933
what were the aims for Libya?
living space and greater wealth
who were the three fascists involved in Libya?
Badoglio, Graziani and De Bono
how many Libyans were dead in September 1933
40,000/100,000
how many libyans were in 1sqKM of the concentration camps?
20,000 + camels
When was the doll fuss affair?
1934
how many troops did BM said into Austria?
40,000
what was Italy known as?
The guardian of Austrian independence
When was the Assassination of Yugloslavin King Alexandra
1934
Who killed him?
Klemins, part of Ustasi
Who was blamed?
Hungary and France
When was the Rome protocol and who between?
1934 and Italy, Hungary, Austria
Who really housed the Ustasi?
Italy and provided weapons/ training
When was the Stress Front and who between?
1935- Britain, France, Italy
What was the Stress Front against?
Germany and Anschluss
What did Martin Lamb say about Italy?
‘it was the lost ally of democracy’
why did the stress front fail?
It had vague terms and ignored Germany, could have prevented war but didn’t.
When was the Anglo- German Naval Agreement and what did Britain condone?
1935- Germany could have 35% size of Britain’s navy- against Treaty of Versailles
who did the agreement not consult?
Stresa Front and Russia
when was the invasion of Abyssinia?
1935
Which article did it go against?
Article XI of the L of N convention led to economic sanctions
when was the Hoare Laval pact
1935
What did Hailee Salassi say to the League of Nations?
” God and History will remember your judgements.”
What was the debt at the end of the war and how much did the lira devalue by?
2.5m to 16m and 40%
how many people were forced to emigrate?
130,000
What raw materials did Abyssinia have?
Sugar, coffee and oil seeds
what did Clark say?
“Ethiopia was a disaster”
What did Bell say?
“immediate benefits were exhilarating”
What did Whittam say?
he was overconfident and believed his own propaganda
in 1939, what % did Italy trade with their colonies?
2%
how many women gave their wedding rings into the war effort
250,000
What did Mallett say BM was doing for his foreign policy?
Testing the waters
When was the Spanish Civil War?
July 1936-April 1939
how many soldiers were in the CTV
50,000
Who was on the Republicans side?
Soviet Union for $500million in gold reserves led to the ‘Moscow Gold’ issue
Which country leant to Franco through oil
the US
how many Italian troops fought in the SCW
80,000
how many enemy airplanes were destroyed?
943
how many Italian soldiers were killed in Guadalajara?
400
what did Franco not allow Mussolini to do as a result of Guadalajara?
Not let Italian troops fight alone
How much did the SCW cost for Italy?
14billion lira (half of the currency’s reserve)
How much army did Italy have when in WWII that prevented them from fighting until 1941
10 divisions and 350 planes
What was wrong with the officers for WWII?
They had outdated equipment (same as WWI) and training
Why could Italy not improve their army for WWII?
They lacked the funding and had an archaic industry to change anything
What was Sullivan’s conclusion with the SCW?
Italy played a decisive role, had diplomatic consequences for the stress front and the army/airforce were drained massively.
