Fascistisation of the People Flashcards

1
Q

what did Mack Smith say about ideology?

A

“fascist ideology was complex and contra dictionary”

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2
Q

When was the Fascist decalogue and what did it say that boys should be?

A

1938

Boys should be strong, sacrifice, have duty and obey

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3
Q

what did women do in 1935?

A

Donate their Gold

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4
Q

what three things filled people with enthusiasm?

A

‘History, fatherland and justice’

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5
Q

what was PNF membership in 1933 vs 1943

A
  1. 4million

4. 8million

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6
Q

what did some people say about the word fascism?

A

It was not more than a word

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7
Q

what was gov spending on OVRA in 1924 vs 1946

A

7.5% vs 4.6%

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8
Q

how many political prisoners was there?

A

5000

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9
Q

what were some things in the reform of customs?

A

lei changed to voi, no handshakes- salute, goose-step

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10
Q

when was the Minculpop created?

A

1937

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11
Q

when was the fascist school charter

A

1939

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12
Q

why did Italy become more radical?

A

Abyssinia war (militarist propaganda), incompetence in military, radicals in PNF and the Nazi/ Germany influence

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13
Q

Who are the groups of people to decide if they were illegally fascistised?

A

Monarchy, industrialists, artistic elites, urban working class, latifundia, academics, middle class and peasants

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14
Q

what did Robson say about the success

A

There was outward conformity but little inner conviction

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15
Q

what did Leeds say about success?

A

Only for PNF reasons

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16
Q

What did Clark say about success?

A

Acceptance not devotion, superficial success

17
Q

what did Ipsen say about success?

A

Propaganda exaggerated the popularity of successes.

18
Q

in what years were people still buying Mussolini merchandise?

A

2003

19
Q

What did Kundera say about totalitarianism?

A

“Not only hell but also a dream of paradise.”

20
Q

What in the economy measure totalitarianism?

A

gov control wages/prices, state ownership, and autarky

21
Q

what ideologically measures totalitarianism?

A

media controlled wages, arts/cultures, official ideology, education, no alternative beliefs

22
Q

what socially measures totalitarianism?

A

welfare, united nation, alternative bodies closed down,

23
Q

what politically measures totalitarianism?

A

one person, one party, personality cult, parliament abolished, secret police, widespread concentration camps

24
Q

what did Leeds say?

A

“Fascism never did penetrate to roots of Italian society”

25
Q

What did Blinkhorn say?

A

Obtained power through compromising not revolution