Mussolini's Foreign Policy

Question 1

Aim of Mussolini’s foreign policy (quote)

Answer 1

“to make Italy great, respected and feared”

Question 2

What did Mussolini think of war

Answer 2

part of national identity

taught sacrifice and discipline

Question 3

Social Darwinists influenced Mussolini’s want for expansionism - why did Mussolini feel B and F weren’t deserving of their territory?

Answer 3

from descendants of the weak

Question 4

Why was Mussolini’s foreign policy mild initially when taking office?

Answer 4

Nationals and Liberals dominated foreign office

Italy couldn’t afford war

Little influence militarily

Question 5

What 4 territorial goals did Mussolini have?

Answer 5

• Abyssinia
• North and East African empire
• Gain Baltic ports (e.g Fiume)
• Break B/Fs hold on Mediterranean

Question 6

Why was Corfu’s location crucial

Answer 6

located in Adriatic - important for Mediterranean dominance

Question 7

When was the Corfu crisis?

Answer 7

1923

Question 8

How much did Italy demand in compensation from Greece?

Answer 8

50mil lire

Question 9

What was Mussolini’s first foreign policy success?

Answer 9

Fiume

Question 10

When did Italy gain control of Fiume officially?

Answer 10

January 1924

Question 11

What treaty was signed that gave Italy control over Fiume

Answer 11

Treaty of Rome

Question 12

Who did Italy take control for Fiume over from?

Answer 12

Yugoslavia

Question 13

When was foreign policy extended to Albania?

Answer 13

1926

Question 14

What was signed that gave Italy increased influence over Albania?

Answer 14

Treaty of Friendship

Question 15

What pact was signed in 1925 that involved Italy and focused on situation if war was declared between Germany and France

Answer 15

Locarno Pact 1925

Question 16

When was a friendship treaty signed with Hungary?

Answer 16

1927

Question 17

What did the friendship treaty with Hungary show Mussolini wanted to do?

Answer 17

Hungary was a revisionist state - shows Mussolini wanted to change peace treaty

Question 18

What treaty was Italy signed up to that said nations would agree to settle differences via negotiation?

Answer 18

Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)

Question 19

Name X2 reasons why Mussolini’s foreign policy became more aggressive from 1930s onwards?

Answer 19

• frustration w limited 1920s gains

- Nazi rise to power opened way for Italian ambitions

Question 20

What foreign policy success did Italy succeed in in 1934?

Answer 20

Preventing Anschluss

Question 21

How did Mussolini prevent Anschluss?

Answer 21

sent troops to Austrian border to deter Germany

German-Italian relations off to frictional start

Question 22

When was the Stresa Front formed?

Answer 22

1935

Question 23

What was the Stresa Front in response to?

Answer 23

German introduction of conscription and Luftwaffe

Question 24

When was the Wal-Wal incident as part of the Abyssinia campaign?

Answer 24

November 1934

Question 25

When did Italy invade Abyssinia?

Answer 25

October 1935

Question 26

Which Italian led the Italian invasion of Abyssinia?

Answer 26

General Bono

Question 27

Italy used what type of weaponry when invading Abyssinia that received international condemnation?

Answer 27

poisonous gas

Question 28

When was the Corfu incident

Answer 28

March 1923

Question 29

When was the acquisition of Fiume

Answer 29

January 1924

Question 30

When was the Italian invasion of Abyssinia

Answer 30

October 1935

Question 31

When was the Rome Berlin axis

Answer 31

1936

Question 32

When was Mussolini’s state visit to Munich

Answer 32

July 1937

Question 33

When was the Italian invasion of Albania

Answer 33

April 1939

Question 34

When did Mussolini accept Anschluss

Answer 34

March 1938

Question 35

When was the Munich conference

Answer 35

1938 September

Question 36

When was the Pact of steel? Before or after the invasion of Albania?

Answer 36

May 1939

Question 37

When did Italy declare non-belligerence?

Answer 37

September 1939