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Italy > Fascist State > Flashcards

Fascist State Flashcards

1
Q

Name for the organisation that controlled adult leisure activities

A

Dopolavoro

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2
Q

Who took control of the Dopolavoro in 1927

A

Ministry of Economy

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3
Q

Who did Mussolini give control of the ONB over to in 1929? away from party control

A

Ministry of Education

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4
Q

What was the name of the cult that depicted the Duce as a powerful leader + man of the people

A

Cult of the Ducimo

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5
Q

Who was the Cult of the Ducimo based on

A

Ceasar

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6
Q

What phrase was coined in the Cult of the Ducimo

A

“Mussolini is always right”

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7
Q

Name a foreign admirer and his quote of Mussolini

A

British foreign secretary Chamberlain

“a wonderful man working for the greatness of his country”

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8
Q

What did the volume of fascist propaganda do?

A

Convinced many there was no alternative to Fascism

Deterred political opponents

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9
Q

How did fascism make sure journalists were loyal

A

Extra pay and government grants

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10
Q

What organisation was set up by the duce that gave respected jobs + large salaries to leading professors

A

Fascist Academy

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11
Q

How many were found guilty of political crimes 1927-43

A

4,600

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12
Q

How many political opponents of Fascism were killed 1922-25?

A

2,000

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13
Q

Who was the OVRA

A

political police

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14
Q

When was the OVRA set up

A

November 1926

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15
Q

What was the name for the political police?

A

OVRA

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16
Q

How many informants did the OVRA have?

A

100,000

e.g doctors to report mental illness

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17
Q

How many raids did the OVRA conduct weekly?

A

20,000

18
Q

What method did the OVRA use that Nazis did too?

A

use of prison camps

19
Q

Name X2 organisations that opposed Fascism

A

Underground Party of Communists

Justice and Liberty

20
Q

What was the name of the Underground Party of Communist’s newspaper?

A

L’Unita

21
Q

How many active supporter did the UPOC have?

A

7,000

22
Q

Where was Justice & Liberty based?

A

based in Paris

23
Q

What did Justice & Liberty do?

A

shuffled leaflets to their supporters inside Italy

24
Q

After the Matteoti murder what must all newspaper editors be a member of?

A

Association of Fascist journalists

25
Q

When were opposition newspapers closed?

A

1926

26
Q

When was the establishment of new papers banned?

A

1927

27
Q

Which body made pro-government public information films

A

Instituto Luce

28
Q

What compensation was the Pope paid for giving up claim to Rome?

A

£30million

29
Q

Who agreed to pay salaries of the clergy after the Lateran agreements?

A

State

30
Q

When did the Pope acknowledge the Italian state for the first time in 60yrs

A

1929 after Lateran agreements

31
Q

How did the Church view Italy’s policies in Ethiopia and Spain?

A

Approved of them as

“Christian Crusades”

32
Q

In 1931 what did the state try to suppress which was aggravating to the Church?

A

Catholic Action

was a rival to Fascists youth groups

33
Q

What was the concession that the state made to Catholic action?

A

confinded to purely religious activities

Church in response warned Fascists not to interfere w schools
e.g Catholic university of Milan

34
Q

What evidence is there that the Lateran agreements were not remaining strong?

A

Church resisted claims Fascism was totalitarian

Broadcasted alternative news via Radio Vatican

35
Q

When did Italy begin to introduce anti-semitic policies - what was the Church’s opinion?

A

1938

Began disputing with state

36
Q

By when was the Catholic-Fascist alliance essentially over?

A

1939

37
Q

What was Mussolini’s justification for introducing some of his anti-semitic policies

A

several Justice and Liberty members Jewish

Mussolini claims French resistance to Italian involvement in Spain’s civil war was because of their Jewish PM

38
Q

How many Jewish students were sent out of school 1938-39?

A

5,600

39
Q

When were Jews banned from joining the Fascist Party?

A

October 1938

40
Q

When were Jew-nonJew marriages banned?

A

November 1938

41
Q

Was Italian anti-semitism systematic - what was it influenced by?

A

Never a racial ideology or systematic persecution

Actions prompted by pressure from Hitler

42
Q

What was the opinion of officials on anti-semitism?

A

Made little effort to enforce Laws

either shared view of Church or had connections w Jews

Italy (14 decks)

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