Music Theory & Musicianship Flashcards by Ryan Bailey

Natural half steps (pitch class)

B-C, E-F

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Order of “b”s in key signature; what intervals?

BEADGCF; 4th’s

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Order of “#”s in key signature; what intervals?

FCGDAEB; 5th’s

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Major diatonic scale intervals

m2, m3, M3, etc..
W, h, W, etc..

Root, M2, M3, P4, P5, M6, M7, P8

W, W, h, W, W, W, h

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Natural minor diatonic scale intervals

m2, m3, M3, etc..
W, h, W, etc..

M2, m3, P4, P5, m6, m7, P8

W, h, W, W, h, W, W

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Melodic minor diatonic scale intervals

m2, m3, M3, etc..
W, h, W, etc..

Minor pentachord, M6, M7, P8 (descending m7, m6)

W, h, W, W, W, W, h (descending W, W, h, W, W, h, W)

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Harmonic minor diatonic scale intervals

m2, m3, M3, etc..
W, h, W, etc..

Minor pentachord, m6, M7, P8

W, h, W, W, h, W+h, h

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Diatonic root: Interval? Scale degree name? Chord roman numeral? Mode?

Tonic

(I) major/(ii) all minor

Ionian

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Diatonic second: Interval? Scale degree name? Chord roman numeral? Mode?

Supertonic

(ii) major/(ii°) all minor

Dorian

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Diatonic third: Interval? Scale degree name? Chord roman numeral? Mode?

M3 major/m3 all minors

Mediant

(iii) major/(III) natural minor/(III+) harmonic minor

Phrygian

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Diatonic fourth: Interval? Scale degree name? Chord roman numeral? Mode?

Subdominant

(IV) major/(iv) all minor

Lydian

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Diatonic fifth: Interval? Scale degree name? Chord roman numeral? Mode?

Dominant

(V) major/(v) natural minor/(V) harmonic minor

Mixolydian

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Diatonic sixth: Interval? Scale degree name? Chord roman numeral? Mode?

M6 major/m6 all minor

Submediant

(vi) major/(VI) all minor

Aeolian (also the relative natural minor)

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Diatonic seventh: Interval? Scale degree name? Chord roman numeral? Mode?

M7 major/m7 natural minor/M7 harmonic minor

M7: leading-tone/m7: subtonic

(vii°) major/(VII) minor/(vii°) harmonic minor

Locrian

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Root position triad symbol (and which note is bass?)

53 (or none); root is the bass

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First inversion triad symbol (and which note is bass?)

6 (or 63); third is the bass

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Second inversion triad symbol (and which note is bass?)

64; fifth is the bass; only used in special circumstances (cadential, passing, pedal, arpeggiating)

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Root position seventh symbol (and which note is bass?)

7 (or 753); root is the bass

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First inversion seventh symbol (and which note is bass?)

65 (or 653); third is the bass

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Second inversion seventh symbol (and which note is bass?)

43 (or 543); fifth is the bass

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Third inversion seventh symbol (and which note is bass?)

42 (or 642); seventh is the bass

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Common harmonic progression

^3-^6-^2(^4)(predominant)-^5(^7)(dominant)-^1

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Major pentatonic scales intervals

m2, m3, M3, etc..
W, h, W, etc..

Root, M2, M3, P5, M6, P8 (major w/4th and 7th removed)

W, W, W+h, W, W+h

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Minor pentatonic scales intervals

m2, m3, M3, etc..
W, h, W, etc..

Root, m3, P4, P5, m7, P8) (minor diatonic w/2nd and 6th removed)

W+h, W, W, W+h, W

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Grave

Very, very slow (slowest)

Largo

Very slow (second to Grave)

Lento

Markedly slow (slower than Adagio)

Adagio

Slow

Andante

Slow walking speed

Moderato

Moderate/medium

Allegretto

Rather fast (less than Allegro)

Allegro

Fast

Vivace

Lively (second to Presto)

Presto

Very fast

Major?

Natural half steps in major diatonic (scale degrees)

^3-^4, ^7-^8

Natural half steps in minor diatonic (scale degrees)

^2-^3, ^5-^6 (also ^7-^8 in harmonic)

Minor?

b flat

Minor?

6 (or 63)

First inversion triad; bass is the third

Second inversion triad; bass is the fifth; specific use only (passing, pedal, cadential, arpeggiating)

7 (or 753)

Root position seventh chord

65 (or 653)

First inversion seventh; bass is the third

43 (or 643)

Second inversion seventh chord; bass is the fifth

42 (or 642)

Third inversion seventh; bass is the seventh

Major seventh chord intervals

Major triad (M3+m3), major seventh (M3)

Dominant (maj/min) seventh chord intervals

Major triad (M3+m3), minor seventh (m3)

Minor seventh chord intervals

Minor triad (m3+M3), minor seventh (m3)

Half diminished seventh chord intervals

Diminished triad (m3+m3), minor seventh (M3)

Fully diminished seventh chord intervals

Diminished triad (m3+m3), diminished seventh (m3)

-- x -- x -- x -- x --

7; root position seventh

-- -- x -- x -- x -x-

42; third inversion seventh

-x- -x- x -- x -- --

43; second inversion seventh

-x- x -- x -- x -- --

65; first inversion seventh

Objectionable parallels

When two voices separated by 5th or 8va (or their octave equivalents) move to new pitch classes that are separated by the same interval. This includes unisons and compound 5th and 8va. These intervals are too consonant. Parallel 4th is ok.

Contrary 5th

Moving from 15th to 8va (consecutive 8va) or 5th to 12th (consecutive 5th) through contrary motion. Generally avoided, but occasionally found. Not an acceptable fix for objectionable parallels.

Passing 64

Can be notated P64 Any triad; up or down; between two chords of different inversions (or between chords of the same function) to create a stepwise motion in the bass and soprano Think: "passing by step" up or down, or "voice exchange" In I-P64-I6 the P64 would resemble V64 (I-V64-I6) Do Re Mi bassline

Pedal 64

Also knows as "neighboring" 64 Used to elaborate any root position chord (I53-- 64 ) Resembles IV in 2nd inversion (I53-- 64--53 is the same as I-IV64-I) Bass stays the same (but occasionally the bass moves after the 64) Do Do Do bassline

Cadential 64

Dominant function; only used with the V; notes are spelled like a I6 and moves to V (V64-V53)

Arpeggiating 64

Bass arpeggiation changes the inversion of the chord

Creating 7th chords: I becomes?

maj7

Creating 7th chords: ii becomes?

Creating 7th chords: iii becomes?

Creating 7th chords: IV becomes?

maj7

Creating 7th chords: V (minor) becomes?

m/m7

Creating 7th chords: vi becomes?

Creating 7th chords: vii° (major) becomes?

ꬾ7

Creating 7th chords: i becomes?

Creating 7th chords: ii° becomes?

ꬾ7

Creating 7th chords: III becomes?

maj7

Creating 7th chords: iv becomes?

Creating 7th chords: V (major) becomes?

m/m7

Creating 7th chords: VI becomes?

maj7

Creating 7th chords: VII becomes?

m/m7

Interval of one half step

Interval of two half steps (one whole step)

M2/°3

Interval of three half steps (one whole and one half step)

Interval of four half steps (two whole steps)

Interval of five half steps (two whole and one half steps)

Interval of six half steps (three whole steps)

Tritone (+4/°5)

Interval of seven half steps (thee whole and one half steps)

Interval of eight half steps (four whole steps)

Interval of nine half steps (four whole and one half steps)

M6/°7

Interval of ten half steps (five whole steps)

Interval of eleven half steps (five whole and one half steps)

Solfege arpeggiations: I

Do mi sol

Solfege arpeggiations: ii

Re fa la

Solfege arpeggiations: iii

Mi sol ti

Solfege arpeggiations: IV

Fa la do

Solfege arpeggiations: V

Sol ti re

Solfege arpeggiations: vi

La do mi

Solfege arpeggiations: vii°

Ti re fa

Solfege arpeggiations: i

Do me sol

Solfege arpeggiations: ii°

Re fa le

Solfege arpeggiations: III/bIII

Me sol te

Solfege arpeggiations: iv

Fa le do

Solfege arpeggiations: v

Sol te re

Solfege arpeggiations: VI/bVI

Le do me

Solfege arpeggiations: VII/bVII

Te re fa

Creating 7th chords: vii° (minor) becomes?

°7

Unequal 5th

Avoid °5 - P5 when it occurs between the bass and another voice. Other unequal 5ths are considered acceptable (for the work in the textbook).

Direct 5th and 8va

Also known as hidden 5th/8va. When outer voices move in the same direction into a P8 or 8va (includes a leap in the soprano simultaneously with a _leap or step_ in the bass). Aural result is the same as parallel 5ths and 8ves.

+6 chord creation?

It: tonic + two tones leading to the V Fr: same + ^2 Ger: same + ^3 (minor)

P12 = ?

8v + P5

What clefs do the viola play on?

Alto & treble clefs

What clefs do the cello play on?

Bass, tenor, & treble clefs

047

Major triad (inversion 037 minor triad)

036

Diminished triad

048

Augmented triad

026

NA (inversion 046)

024

Whole tone segment

025

NA (inversion 035)

027

Quartal/quintal

015

NA (inversion 045)

016

Viennese trichord (inversion 056)

014

Hexatonic segment (inversion 034)

013

Octatonic segment (inversion 023)

012

Chromatic

037

Minor triad (inversion 047)

046

NA (inversion 026)

035

NA (inversion 025)

045

NA (inversion 015)

056

Viennese trichord (inversion 016)

034

Hexatonic segment (014)

023

Octatonic segment (inversion 013)

All diatonic chords w/mode mixture (how many?)

18 total: (Also should include i)