MUSIC (1ST QUARTER) Flashcards
What year does Impressionism Perios?
1890-1940
- incorporated the
qualities of sketches-
abbreviations, speed,
and spontaneity
-What critics might call
shortcuts
Impressionist paintings
When and where was impressionism period occured?
The 19th century in France
When was the idea of impressionism in music emerged?
late 19th century and early 20th century and asked people to focus on the emotions that were aroused by a subject opposed to focusing on a detailed pictre or single tune.
Characteristics of Impressionism:
It uses? to opposed to major and minor scales as the? used the past
whole tone scales/ romantic style
Characteristics of Impressionism:
it involves a lot of?
-chords weren’t ued to relieve tenson as they had in the past
Dissonance
Characteristics of Impressionism:
It includes? that have?
short melodies/different moods throughtout each peice
Characteristics of Impressionism:
blank.. in terms of phrases
Irregular
Characteristics of Impressionism:
Avoids the?
traditioal harmonic progression
Characteristics of Impressionism:
It has?
unresolved dissonance
Characteristics of Impressionism:
It uses the? and the, and rfrequently useds? and? scales
whole-tone scale, 9th chord, and modality and exotic scales
It is popularly
associated with English, Irish, and Scottish
folk tunes as well as traditional Chinese
music.
The pentatonic scale
It is typical of modal
music. The music frequently emphasized
perfect intervals, octaves, fourths, and fifths
in parallel structures.
Modal influence
a symphonic poem for orchestra by Claud Debussy, and approximately 10 minutes in duration.
Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun,
When and where was Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun performed? And who conducted it?
in Paris on December 22, 1894 and conducted by Gustave Doret
- The artist chose to represent internal thoughts and feelings through their paintings
rather than objects in the external world. - They used paint to express emotion rather than physical reality.
- Intense, passionate and highly personal artworks based on the concept of the
painter’s canvas as a vehicle for demonstrating their innermost feelings.
Expressionism period (art)
in the visual, literary, and performing arts,
a movement or tendency that strives to express
subjective feelings and emotions rather than to depict
reality or nature objectively.
Expressionism
When was expressionism developed?
late 19th century and early 20th century
Expressinism concentrated in? and what year?
in Germany (1905 to 1930)
Music went through a? during?
ramatic/ expressionist movement
No longer were songs ruled by melody and continuity.
With mass production of new metals and tools melodies broke
into abstract fractions of sound and rhythm. Paralleling the
patterns of the factory atmosphere, music became less organized,
and often gave the audience more than one line of music to listen
to at the same time, transmitting feelings of heavy movement and
strength as one witnessed a piece. There was no longer one
singular tune that carried a piece through to the end.
Expressionism
the term of expressionism was probably first applies to music in? especially to?
in 1918/ Schoenberg
Wh are the members of the Second Viennese School? and important expressinists?
Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern, and Alban Berg
Characteristics of Expressionism:
A high level of?
dissonance
Characteristics of Expressionism:
Extreme contrasts of?
Dynamics
Characteristics of Expressionism:
Constantly changing
textures
Characteristics of Expressionism:
Distorted?
melodies and harmonies
Characteristics of Expressionism:
Angular? with?
Melodes/ wide leaps
Characteristics of Expressionism:
Extremes of?
pitch
Characteristics of Expressionism:
No
Cadences
- Focused on mood and atmospehere rather than strong emotion or storyline
- occured as a reaction to the excesses of the Romantic era
Impressionism
The tendecy of an artist to distory reality for an emotional efffect
- Its goals were not to create passive empressions and moods, but to strongly express intese feelings and emotions
- The primary expressiost movement was atonality
Expressionism
The climate for renewed experimentation in music after the Second War was intensified by a
revolution in technology. Of several new avenues opened to the composer by post war scientific
research, none was enticing than the prospect of using tape recorders and electronic equipment
for the production and manipulation of sound.
• It was in 1950 when electronic music came. A medium in which the generation of musical sounds
and their modification, storage, and reproduction are due where a fondness for unusual sound is
especially evident in the experimental idiom of Americans such as Cowell, Varese, and Cage.
Experimental use of noise and microtonal scales led to the invention of primitive electronic
musical instruments, some of which attracted the attention of major composers.
Background of Electronic and aleatoric music
music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music
technology in its production,
Electronic music
being a musician who composes and/or
performs such music. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using
electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology.
Electronic musician
A French-born composer who spent the greater part of his career in the United States who
produced a relatively small amount of music but he was influential as an early innovator in electronic music.
Edgar Varese
known as the father of electornic music
Edgar Varese
Defined as sounds generated by electronic signals of different frequencies. Sound can be modified
by the use of sound synthesizers.
Systhesized sounds
A musical piece which consists of two or more voices or instruments that are being
played or started at different intervals. It can also be a repeated song followed by another voice.
Canon
(also aleatory music or chance music; from the Latin word alea, meaning “dice”) is music in
which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed
work’s realization is left to the determination of its performer(s).
Aleatoric music
American avant- garde composer, was a son of an inventor.
• Considered as the “Father of Indeterminism”.
John cage
Cages early compositions were written in the
12-tone
Cage teacher is and he peperimented instrument
Schoenberg but by 1993 he experimented “prepared piano”
a three-movement composition by American experimental composer John Cage
(1912–1992).
4’33’’
a French composer, was born on August 22, 1862 and died March 25, 1918. Music was not centered
on one tone or pitch. Instead, he used symbolism.
Claud Debussy
Born to a music-loving family, Ravel attended France’s premier music college, the Paris Conservatoire; he was
not well regarded by its conservative
establishment, whose biased treatment of him caused a scandal.
Maurice Ravel
who made Bolero?
Maurice Ravel
He championed
atonality in music composition, first through freely composed, expressionist works such as Pierrot Lunaire (one
song from that cycle, “Madonna,” is on our playlist), and later through his own system of composition commonly
referred to as as twelve-tone music (the Piano Suite, a portion of which is on our list, was composed using this
method).
Arnold Shoenberg
who made Ionisation?
Egar Varese (percussion, piano, and two sirens)
Who made 4’33’’
John Cage