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medical terminology final > Musculoskeletal System & Special Senses > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System & Special Senses Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Surgical removal of all or part of the pituitary gland through a transverse cut in the sphenoid bone

A

Transsphenoidal Hypophysectomy

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2
Q

What protects bone surfaces?

A

Cartilage

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3
Q

What are the three types of cartilage?

A

Articular
Menisci
Bursa

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4
Q

What connects bone to bone?

A

Ligaments

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5
Q

Formation of blood cells

A

Hematopoiesis

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6
Q

What breaks down bones by dissolving them?

A

Osteoclasts

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7
Q

What builds bones?

A

Osteoblasts

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8
Q

What are the ends of long bones called?

A

Epiphysis

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9
Q

What is the shaft of long bones called?

A

Diaphysis

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10
Q

What connects muscle to bone?

A

Tendons

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11
Q

Another term for growth plate in a bone

A

Epiphyseal plate

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12
Q

What is the combining form for bone?

A

Osteo

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13
Q

What is the combining form for muscle?

A

Myo

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14
Q

What are two terms for muscle pain?

A

Myodynia

Myalgia

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15
Q

Chronic, widespread muscle pain

A

Fibromyalgia

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16
Q

What is the combining form for smooth muscle?

A

Leiomyo

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17
Q

What is the combining form for skeletal muscle?

A

Rhabdomyo

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18
Q

What is the combining form for cartilage?

A

Chondro

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19
Q

Inflammation of rib cartilage

A

Costochondritis

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20
Q

What is the combining form for joint?

A

Arthro

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21
Q

What are two combining forms for vertebra?

A

Spondylo

Vertebro

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22
Q

Inflammation of vertebra that causes fusion

A

Ankylosis spondylitis

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23
Q

What is the combining form for bone marrow?

A

Myelo

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24
Q

Cancer of certain white blood cells (plasma cells)

A

Multiple myeloma

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25
Q

What are three types of arthritis?

A

Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Gout

26
Q

Cartilage between bone starts degenerating

A

Osteoarthritis

27
Q

Cartilage is attacked by body

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

28
Q

Uric acid depositions

A

Gout

29
Q

Decrease in bone density leading to thinned/weakened bones, decreased joint space, and compression factors

A

Osteoporosis

30
Q

What photoreceptor deals with low light and black and white?

A

Rods

31
Q

What photoreceptor deals with color?

A

Cones

32
Q

What is the combining form for eyelids?

A

Blepharo

33
Q

Involuntary contraction of eyelid (eye twitching)

A

Blepharospasm

34
Q

What is the combining form for sclera covering?

A

Conjunctivo

35
Q

What is the thin membrane over the sclera?

A

Cojunctiva

36
Q

Inflammation of conjunctiva (pink eye)

A

Conjunctivitis

37
Q

What is the combining form for pupil?

A

Pupillio

38
Q

Pupillary inequality that may be congenital or due to brain damage

A

Anisocoria

39
Q

Another word for double vision

A

Diplopia

40
Q

What are two combining forms for eyes?

A

Oculo

Ophthalmo

41
Q

A term for within eye

A

Intraocular

42
Q

Eye doctor is called:

A

Ophthalmologist

43
Q

Instrument for observing the retina and other intraocular structures

A

Ophthalmoscope

44
Q

Tear production

A

Lacrimation

45
Q

Another word for near-sightedness

A

Myopia

46
Q

What is it called when the image focuses before the retina, causing people to see close up but not far away?

A

Near-sightedness

47
Q

Another word for far-sightedness

A

Hyperopia

48
Q

What is it called when the image focuses after the retina, causing people to see far away but not close up?

A

Far-sightedness

49
Q

Clouding of lens

A

Cataract

50
Q

Buildup of aqueous humor leading to increased intraocular pressure

A

Glaucoma

51
Q

What is the combining form for ear?

A

Oto

52
Q

Ear discharge

A

Otorrhea

53
Q

Inflammation of inner ear

A

Otitis media

54
Q

What are two terms for ear pain?

A

Otalgia

Otodynia

55
Q

What is the combining form for eustachian tubes?

A

Salpingo

56
Q

Inflammation of auditory tubes

A

Salpingitis

57
Q

Hearing impairment associated with age

A

Presbycusis

58
Q

What are two types of hearing loss?

A

Conductive (sound not going to cochlea)

Sensorineural (cochlear cells damaged due to loud noises)

59
Q

Ringing in ears

A

Tinnitus

60
Q

What are two combining forms for tympanic membrane?

A

Myringo

Tympano

61
Q

Incision into eardrum with tube placement to equalize air pressure

A

Myringotomy

62
Q

What does PE tubes stand for?

A

Pressure equalizing tubes

medical terminology final (11 decks)

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