Gastrointestinal System Flashcards
Another word for digestive tract
Alimentary canal
Process of food going through the gastrointestinal system
Mouth Esophagus Cardiac sphincter Stomach Pyloric sphincter Duodenum Jejunum Illeum Illeocecal valve Cecum Ascending colon Hepatic flexure Transverse colon Splenic flexure Descending colon Sigmoid colon Rectum Anus
What is another name for hepatic flexure?
Right colic flexure
What is another name for splenic flexure?
Left colic flexure
What are the three parts of the small intestine?
Duodenum
Jejunum
Illeum
What is the combining form for stomach?
Gastro
What is the combining form for small intestines?
Entero
What are the two combining forms for large intestines?
Colo
Colono
What is the combining form for gallbladder?
Cholecysto
What is another word for chewing?
Mastication
Swallowing a bolus of food
Deglutition
Vomiting blood
Hematemesis
What are the parts of the stomach?
Fundus
Cardiac region
Pyloric region
What is another name for the pyloric region?
Pylorus
What kind of ulcer is in the stomach?
Gastric ulcer
What kind of ulcer is in the small intestine?
Duodenal ulcer
What kind of ulcer goes through the skin as an open wound (bed sore)?
Decubitis ulcer
What does GERD stand for/mean?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Heartburn
Changes in the lining of the esophagus
Barrett’s esophagus
What meds are used for Barrett’s esophagus?
Antacids
Proton pump inhibitors
What do antacids do?
Increase the pH in the esophagus so one feels less pain, but it doesn’t stop/prevent GERD
What do proton pump inhibitors do?
Block acid production in the stomach
What are three types of proton pump inhibitors?
Zantac
Nexium
Prilosec
Inflammation of the liver
Hepatitis
Removal of gallbladder
Cholecysectomy
Another name for gallstones
Choleliths
Condition where someone has gallstones
Cholelithiasis
Bulging of stomach superiorly through the diaphragm
Hiatal hernia
Bulging of intestines into groin
Inguinal hernia
Bulging of intestines into belly button
Umbilical hernia
Side pockets on the outside of the colon
Diverticula
Condition of having diverticula
Diverticulosis
Inflammation of diverticula
Diverticulitis
Twisted intestine
Volvulus
Varicose veins in rectum
Hemorrhoids
Another name for dilated
Varicose
Varicose veins in esophagus
Esophageal varices
Scarring/hardening of liver tissue due to long term hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Bright red blood in stool displaying a lower GI bleed
Hematochezia
Black stool
Melena
Black/tarry stools in newborns from digesting amniotic fluid
Meconium
Growths in intestinal wall
Polyps
What kind of growths in the intestinal wall has stalks?
Pedunculated polyps
What kind of growths in the intestinal wall is flat?
Sessile polyps
Joining of two tubular structures
Anastomosis
What is the pill form of barium called to see an upper GI series of X-rays?
Barium swallow
What is the insertion of barium into the anus to see a lower GI series of X-rays called?
Barium enema
