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Medical Terminology Final > Gastrointestinal System > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Another word for digestive tract

A

Alimentary canal

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2
Q

Process of food going through the gastrointestinal system

A 
Mouth
Esophagus
Cardiac sphincter
Stomach
Pyloric sphincter
Duodenum
Jejunum
Illeum
Illeocecal valve
Cecum
Ascending colon
Hepatic flexure
Transverse colon
Splenic flexure
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Anus
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3
Q

What is another name for hepatic flexure?

A

Right colic flexure

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4
Q

What is another name for splenic flexure?

A

Left colic flexure

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5
Q

What are the three parts of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Illeum

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6
Q

What is the combining form for stomach?

A

Gastro

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7
Q

What is the combining form for small intestines?

A

Entero

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8
Q

What are the two combining forms for large intestines?

A

Colo

Colono

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9
Q

What is the combining form for gallbladder?

A

Cholecysto

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10
Q

What is another word for chewing?

A

Mastication

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11
Q

Swallowing a bolus of food

A

Deglutition

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12
Q

Vomiting blood

A

Hematemesis

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13
Q

What are the parts of the stomach?

A

Fundus
Cardiac region
Pyloric region

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14
Q

What is another name for the pyloric region?

A

Pylorus

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15
Q

What kind of ulcer is in the stomach?

A

Gastric ulcer

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16
Q

What kind of ulcer is in the small intestine?

A

Duodenal ulcer

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17
Q

What kind of ulcer goes through the skin as an open wound (bed sore)?

A

Decubitis ulcer

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18
Q

What does GERD stand for/mean?

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Heartburn

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19
Q

Changes in the lining of the esophagus

A

Barrett’s esophagus

20
Q

What meds are used for Barrett’s esophagus?

A

Antacids

Proton pump inhibitors

21
Q

What do antacids do?

A

Increase the pH in the esophagus so one feels less pain, but it doesn’t stop/prevent GERD

22
Q

What do proton pump inhibitors do?

A

Block acid production in the stomach

23
Q

What are three types of proton pump inhibitors?

A

Zantac
Nexium
Prilosec

24
Q

Inflammation of the liver

A

Hepatitis

25
Q

Removal of gallbladder

A

Cholecysectomy

26
Q

Another name for gallstones

A

Choleliths

27
Q

Condition where someone has gallstones

A

Cholelithiasis

28
Q

Bulging of stomach superiorly through the diaphragm

A

Hiatal hernia

29
Q

Bulging of intestines into groin

A

Inguinal hernia

30
Q

Bulging of intestines into belly button

A

Umbilical hernia

31
Q

Side pockets on the outside of the colon

A

Diverticula

32
Q

Condition of having diverticula

A

Diverticulosis

33
Q

Inflammation of diverticula

A

Diverticulitis

34
Q

Twisted intestine

A

Volvulus

35
Q

Varicose veins in rectum

A

Hemorrhoids

36
Q

Another name for dilated

A

Varicose

37
Q

Varicose veins in esophagus

A

Esophageal varices

38
Q

Scarring/hardening of liver tissue due to long term hepatitis

A

Cirrhosis

39
Q

Bright red blood in stool displaying a lower GI bleed

A

Hematochezia

40
Q

Black stool

A

Melena

41
Q

Black/tarry stools in newborns from digesting amniotic fluid

A

Meconium

42
Q

Growths in intestinal wall

A

Polyps

43
Q

What kind of growths in the intestinal wall has stalks?

A

Pedunculated polyps

44
Q

What kind of growths in the intestinal wall is flat?

A

Sessile polyps

45
Q

Joining of two tubular structures

A

Anastomosis

46
Q

What is the pill form of barium called to see an upper GI series of X-rays?

A

Barium swallow

47
Q

What is the insertion of barium into the anus to see a lower GI series of X-rays called?

A

Barium enema

Medical Terminology Final (11 decks)

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