Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

What do the bones do?

Answer 1

form the skeleton, support the body, protect vital organs, create blood cells, store calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium salts

Question 2

What is the musculoskeletal system comprised of

Answer 2

muscles, joints, tendons, and ligaments

Question 3

what does the musculoskeletal system do?

Answer 3

provides movement, form, strength, heat production, and proctection

Question 4

shapes of bones

Answer 4

long or tubular
short or cuboidal
sesamoid
flat
irregular

Question 5

long or tubular bones

Answer 5

named for elongated shape examples: femur and umerus

Question 6

short or cuboidal bones

Answer 6

cube shaped, found in carpal bones of wrist and tarsal bones of ankle

Question 7

sesamoid bones

Answer 7

short bone formed within tendons such as the patella

Question 8

flat bones

Answer 8

consist of a layer of spongy bone between two thin layers of compact bone such as the skull and ribs

Question 9

irregular

Answer 9

examples include zygoma and vertebrae

Question 10

closed fracture

Answer 10

does not involve a break in the skin

Question 11

compound fracture

Answer 11

projects through the skin increasing the possibility of infection

Question 12

comminuted fracture

Answer 12

more than 2 separate bone components– segmental fracture, bony fragments

Question 13

transverse fracture

Answer 13

breaks the shaft of a bone across the longitudinal axis

Question 14

greenstick fracture

Answer 14

only one side of the shaft is broken, and the other is bent; common in children

Question 15

spiral fracture

Answer 15

spread along length of the bone and produced by twisting stress

Question 16

colles’ fracture

Answer 16

occurs in the wrist and affects the distal radius bone

Question 17

compression fracture

Answer 17

occurs in the vertebrae and is subject to extreme stress

Question 18

epiphyseal fracture

Answer 18

occurs where the matrix is undergoing calcification and chondrocytes are dying; usually seen in children

Question 19

cartilage

Answer 19

non vascular, flexible connective tissue matrix mare of chrondrocytes, collagen, and glycosylated protein called proteglycan

Question 20

joints

Answer 20

articulating surfaces, provide connection between two or more skeletal parts

Question 21

types of joints

Answer 21

fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial

Question 22

what is the most common type of joint

Answer 22

synovial; most joins are synovial and have articular cartilage that covers bone ends

Question 23

what is the joint cavity lined with?

Answer 23

synovial membrane which secretes synovial fluid that cushions the joint and allows smooth motions

Question 24

what surrounds and provides the joint with stability

Answer 24

fibrous connective tissue, and accessory ligaments give reinforcement

Question 25

what parts are the human skeleton divided into?

Answer 25

axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

Question 26

what does the axial skeleton consist of?

Answer 26

skull, hyoid, ribs, sternum, vertebrae, and sacrum

Question 27

what does the appendicular skeleton consist of?

Answer 27

shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle, and extremities

Question 28

what are the types of muscle?

Answer 28

skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

Question 29

what does the skeletal muscle do?

Answer 29

aka striated muscle, attached to the skeleton and the contraction of the skeletal muscle is voluntary

Question 30

what does the smooth muscle do?

Answer 30

found in walls of all hollow organs in body (except the heart) contraction reduces the size of these structures, movement is generally considered involuntary

Question 31

what does cardiac muscle do?

Answer 31

aka heart muscle, makes up walls of the heart