Cardiovascular System Flashcards
what works together to move blood throughout the body
heart and blood vessels
what are the three types of blood vessels
arteries, veins, capillaries
what do arteries do?
most carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, vessels get small and turn into arterioles as they go into extremities, eventually comprise the arterial side of capillary bed
what do veins do?
carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart, venous side of circulation beings in the venous side of the capillary bed enlarging to form venules and eventually forming veins and returning blood to the heart
what do capillaries do?
tiny vessels, usually a single cell layer thick, semi permeable, and facilitate the exchange of fluids, oxgyen, nutrients, and waste between local tissues and the blood stream
what two distinct systems does the heart pump blood to?
pulmonary circulation and systematic circulation
what does pulmonary circulation do?
receives deoxgyenated blood from the right ventricle via the left and right pulmonary artery, blood is circulated through the pulmonary vascular tree in the lungs and sent back into the left atrium of the heart through the right and left pulmonary veins
what does systematic circulation do?
oxgyenated blood is pumped from left side of the heart out to the systematic circulation from the left ventricle to the aorta, because the left side of the heart is responsible for pumping the blood throughout the entire body the muscle surrounding the left ventricle is stronger and larger than the right ventricle
what three layers is the heart composed of?
epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
what is the epicardium
outer layer of the heart
what is the myocardium
main muscle of the heart, myocardial tissues allow electrical impulses to quickly cross the muscle fibers as part of the hearts unique electrical conduction system
what is the endocardium
inner lining of the heart
what is the heart enclosed in?
double walled lining called the pericardial sac
what does the pericardial sac do?
prevents the heart from rubbing against other organs or body structures as it beats
