Endocrine System

Question 1

what is the endocrine system comprised of

Answer 1

glands that secrete chemicals called hormones. each gland and its associated hormone have a cause and effect that are unique

Question 2

what are the glands of the endocrine system

Answer 2

adrenal glands
carotid body
parathyroid gland
pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri)
Thymus gland
thyroid gland

Question 3

carotid body

Answer 3

located on each side at the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries, not a true endocrine structure, made of both glandular and non glandular cells, it detects changes in ph, temperature, and partial pressure of oxgyen and carbon dioxide

Question 4

parathyroid gland

Answer 4

small round bodies are located on the posterior side of the thyroid gland and embedded in the connective tissue surrounding it, regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism

Question 5

posterior pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri)

Answer 5

has two separate parts under the hypothalamus. the posterior pituitary or neurohypophysis secretes oxytocin, a hormone responsible for uterine contractions and the “let down” reflex of the milk in response to a baby suckling and vasopressin, an antidiuretic.

Question 6

anterior pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri)

Answer 6

manufactures the adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), lutinizing hormone )LH), growth hormone (GH), somatotropin, melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH), and prolactin (PRL)

Question 7

Thymus gland

Answer 7

located in the mediastinum of the chest, this gland helps regulate humoral immune functions and is most active in early childhood. by puberty it is replaced by fat

Question 8

Thyroid gland

Answer 8

located in the neck just below the thyroid cartilage of the trachea, regulates metabolism and serum calcium levels through the secretion of thyroid hormone and calcitonin, respectivley