Digestive System

Question 1

what does the digestive system do

Answer 1

mechanically and chemically breaks down food into miniscule or molecular size for absorption into the blood stream and use at the cellular level

Question 2

where does the feeding tube begin and end

Answer 2

begins at the mouth and ends at the anus

Question 3

what aides in mechanical digestion

Answer 3

food enters the mouth and the teeth and tongue mechanically break food into small particles to provide greater exposure/surface area for the chemical process the follows

Question 4

what do the salivary glands do

Answer 4

surround the mouth and secrete saliva which aids in early phases of chemical digestion and liquefaction of the food

Question 5

what is peristalsis

Answer 5

after the food is swallowed it is moved into the esophagus and down through the upper thoracic cavity into the stomach by peristalsis

Question 6

what is the opening into the stomach from the esophagus called

Answer 6

cardiac orifice

Question 7

what is the fundus

Answer 7

the rounded upper portion of the stomach

Question 8

what is the main portion of the stomach considered

Answer 8

the body

Question 9

what is the pyloric antrum

Answer 9

the lower portion of the stomach

Question 10

what is the pyloric sphincter

Answer 10

leads to the duodenum

Question 11

what is the duodenum

Answer 11

first 1/3 of the small intestine

Question 12

what is the jejunum

Answer 12

the second 1/3 of the small instestine

Question 13

what is the ileum

Answer 13

the distal 1/3 of the small intestine, not to be confused with the ilium which is a bone in the pelvis

Question 14

where does the large intestine begin

Answer 14

after the ileocecal valve at the cecum, with the appendix attached at the bottom

Question 15

what are the four portions of the colon

Answer 15

ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid

Question 16

where is the ascending colon

Answer 16

proceeds from the ileocecal valve upward to the hepatic flexure

Question 17

where is the transverse colon

Answer 17

after the hepatic flexure the ascending colon becomes the transverse colon

Question 18

where is the descending colon

Answer 18

after the transverse colon turns downward it becomes the descending colon until the splenic flexure

Question 19

where is the sigmoid colon

Answer 19

after the splenic flexure the descending colon turns into the sigmoid colon which ends at the rectum and the internal and external anal sphincters terminate the rectum

Question 20

what are the ancillary organs of the digestive system

Answer 20

pancreas, liver, gallbladder

Question 21

what do the ancillary organs do

Answer 21

pancreas produces digestive enzymes that are secreted into the intestines, the gallbladder stores bile (which helps digest fats), bile is produced in the liver.