Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
articulation
joint
cancellous
Lattice like arrangement of bony plates, occurring at the ends of long bones
cruciate ligaments
ligaments that cross each other
hematopoiesis
producing and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow
ankyl/o
stiffness, bent, crooked
ankyl/osis
abnormal stiffness of joint
arthr/o
joint
arthr/itis
inflammation of joint
kypho/o
humpback
kyph/osis
abnormal humpback posture, -osis: abnormal condition
lamin/o
lamina
lamin/ectomy
excision of lamina, -ectomy: excision, removal
lord/o
curve, swayback
myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
myel/o/cyte
bone marrow cell
oste/o
bone
oste/oma
tumor composed of bone, -oma: tumor
scoli/o
crooked, bent
scoli/osis
abnormal bending of the spine, -osis: abnormal condition,
thorac/o
chest
thorac/o/dynia
pain in chest, -dynia: pain
acromi/o
acromion
brachi/o
arm
acromi/al
pertaining to the acromion, al: pertaining to
brachi/algi
pain in the arm
calcane/o
calcaneum, heel bone
carp/o
carpus, wrist bone
cephal/o
head
cervic/o
neck, cervix,
cervic/o/dynia
pain in the neck, -dynia: pain
clavicul/o
clavicle
cost/o
ribs
crani/o
cranium
dactyl/o
fingers, toes,
femor/o
femur
fibul/o
fibula
humer/o
humerus
ili/o
ilium
ili/o/pelvic
pertaining to the area of the pelvis, pelv: pelvis, -ic: pertaining to
ischi/o
ischium
lumb/o
lower back
spondyl/o
vertebrae
spondyl/itis
inflammation of the vertebrae
vertebr/o
vertebrae
inter/vertebr/al
relating to the area between two vertebrae
stern/o
sternum
tibi/o
tibia
tibi/o/femor/al
pertaining to the tibia and femur, -al: pertaining to
leiomy/o
smooth muscle
leiomy/oma
tumor of small muscle
musclu/o
muscle
my/o
muscle
muscul/ar
pertaining to muscle
my/oma
tumor of muscle
rhab/o
rob-shaped (striated)
rhabdomy/o
rod-shaped shaped (striated) muscle
rhabdomy/oma
tumor composed of striated muscle
chondr/o
cartilage
chondr/itis
inflammation of cartilage
fasci/o
band, fascia
fasci/o/plasty
surgical repair of a fascia, -plasty: surgical repair
fibr/o
fiber, fibrous tissue
fibr/oma
tumor of fibrous tissue
synov/o
synovial membrane, synovial fluid
synov/ectomy
removal of a synovial membrane
ten/o
tendon
tend/o
tendon
tendin/o
tendon
ten/o/desis
surgical fixation of a tendon, -desis: binding, fixation
tendin/itis
inflammation of a tendon
-asthenia
weakness, debility
my/asthenia
weakness of muscle
-blast
embryonic cell
my/o/blast
embryonic cell that develops into muscle
-clasia
to break, surgical fracture
-clast
to break, surgical fracture
-desis
binding, fixation
-malacia
softening
-physi
growth
chrondr/o/malacia
softening of the cartilage
arth/o/desis
binding together of a joint
epi/physis
growth upon,
-physis
growth
-porosis
porous
oste/o/porosis
porous bone
-sarcoma
malignant tumor of connective tissue
chrondr/o/sarcoma
malignant tumor of cartilage
-scopy
visual examination
a-
without, not
dys-
bad, painful, difficult
sub-
under, below
supra-
above, excessive
syn-
union, together, joined
a/trophy
without nourishment, -trophy: nourishment
dys/trophy
disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism
sub/patell/ar
pertaining to below the patella
supra/cost/al
pertaining to above the ribs
syn/dactyl/ism
condition of joined fingers or toes, dactyl: fingers, toes, -ism: condition
anyylosis
stiffening or immobility of joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion
cladication
limping
crepitation
dry, grating sound or sensation by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture of joint destruction
ganglion cyst
fluid-filled tumor that most commonly develops along the tendon or joint of the wrists or hands, but may also appear in the feet
hemarthosis
effusion of blood into a joint cavity
herniated disk
rupture of a vertebral disk center, through its outer edge and back toward the spinal canal with pressure on the adjacent spinal nerve that results in pain, numbness, or weakness in one or both legs
hypotonia
loss of muscular tone or diminished resistance to passive stretching
multiple myeloma
malignant tumor of plasma cells in the bone marrow
rickets
formation of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency, also called rachitis
sequestrum
fragment of necrosis bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue
spondylolisthesis
any slipping of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it
sponylosis
degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues
subluxation
partial or incomplete dislocation
arthrocentesis
puncture of a joint space using a needle to remove accumulated fluid
arthroclasia
surgical breaking of an ankylosed joint to provide movement
bursectomy
excision of bursa
