Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
Musculoskeletal System
the system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement
Skeleton
the bones in the body
Muscles
tissues that can contract to allow movement of a body part
Ligaments
tissues that connect bone to bone
Tendons
tissues that connects muscle to bone
Skull
the bony structure of the head
Cranium
the top, back, and sides of the skull
Thyroid Cartilage
the wing-shape plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and forms the Adams apple
Mandible
the lower jaw bone
Maxillae
the two fused bones forming the upper jaw
Nasal Bones
the nose bones
Orbits
the bony structure around the eyes; eye sockets
Vertebrae
the 33 bones of the spinal system
Cervical vertebrae
neck, 7
Thoracic vertebrae
thorax, ribs, upper back, 12
Lumbar vertebrae
lower back, 5
Sacral Vertebrae
back wall of pelvis, 5
Coccyx Vertebrae
tailbone, 4
Thorax
the chest
Thoracic Cavity
bones of thorax form internal space, contains heart, lungs, and major blood vessels
Sternum
the breastbone
Manumbruim
the superior portion of the sternum
Xiphoid Proccces
the inferior portion of the sternum
Pelvis
the basin shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities (the hip)
Ilium
the superior and widest portion of the pelvis
Iliac Crest
the wide, bony wing that can be felt near the waist
Ischium
the inferior, posterior portion of the pelvis
Pubis
the medial anterior portion of the pelvis, formed by joining of the bones of the anterior pubis
Acetabulum
the pelvic socket and the ball at the proximal end of the femur (hip joint)
Femur
the large thigh bone, has slight bend at proximal end, frequent break and fracture site for (breaking a hip)
Patella
the kneecap
Tibia
the medial and larger bone of the lower leg (shinbone)
Fibula
the lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg
Malleolus
protrusion of the side of the ankle. Lateral malleolus, at the lower end of the fibula (outer ankle). Medial malleolus, at the lower end of the tibia (inner ankle)
Tarsals
the ankle bones
Metatarsals
the foot bones
Phalanges
the toe bones and finger bones
Shoulder Bones
consists of the clavicle, scapula, and proximal humerus
Clavical
the collarbone
Scapula
the shoulder blade
Acromion Process
the highest portion of the shoulder
Acromioclavicular Joint
the joint where the acromion and clavicle meet, frequent area for shoulder injury
Humerus
the bone of the upper arm
Radius
the lateral bone of the forearm, aligned with the thumb
Ulna
the medial bone of the forearm
Carpals
the wrist bones
Metacarpals
the hand bones
Joints
are formed when bones are connected to other bones. 2 types, ball-and-socket joints and hinge joints
Voluntary Muscle
muscle that can be consciously controlled, attached to bones, responsible for movement
Involuntary Muscle
muscle that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled, found in gastrointestinal system (smooth muscle). Respond to stimuli, stretching, heat, cold
Cardiac Muscle
specialized involuntary muscle only found in the heart
Automaticity
the ability for the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own, the heartbeat is controlled by these electrical impulses
