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Science secondaire 3 > Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

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1
Q

How many bones are there in the human body?

A

206

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2
Q

What is the smallest bone in the human body?

A

Ear-ossicles (Drum, anvil and hammer)

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3
Q

What is the largest bone in the human body?

A

Femur

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4
Q

How many bones are you born with?

A

270

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5
Q

What are the 3 parts of the skeleton?

A
  • Head
  • Trunk
  • Limbs
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6
Q

Give 4 examples of bones found in the head.

A

The frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe and mandible.

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7
Q

Give 5 examples of bones found in the trunk.

A

Scapula, sternum, clavicle, ribs and vertebrae.

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8
Q

Give 8 examples of bones that are considered to be limbs.

A

Humerus, femur, fibula, patella, tibias, ulna/radius, phalanges (feet+hands) and metatarsals

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9
Q

What are the 3 different types of bone tissue?

A
  • Compact Bone
  • Spongy Bone
  • Yellow Marrow
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10
Q

Where is the compact bone found?

A

On the outside

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11
Q

Where is the spongy bone found?

A

On the inside

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12
Q

Where and what does the yellow bone marrow do?

A

It’s found in the center of the bone and produces blood cells.

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13
Q

How does a broken bone repair itself?

A

New tissues are formed!

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14
Q

What are the 4 different types of bones?

A
  • Long bones
  • Short bones
  • Flat bones
  • Irregular bones
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15
Q

What are long bones and where can they be found?

A

Long bones are longer than wider and they can be found in the limbs.

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16
Q

What are short bones and where can they be found?

A

Short bones are in a cubic shape and they can be found in the wrist and the heel.

17
Q

What are flat bones and where can they be found?

A

Flat bones are thin, curved and flat and they can be found in the skull and the scapula.

18
Q

What are irregular bones and where can they be found?

A

Irregular bones have funny shapes and they can be found principally in the spine.

19
Q

What are the 5 functions of bones?

A
  • Protection
  • Movement
  • Support
  • Storage
  • Production of cells
20
Q

Why do bones serve as protection?

A

Bones form a rigid structure that protects our vital organs.

21
Q

Why do bones serve for movement?

A

Muscles contract and allow our bones to move. Muscles are connected by joints.

22
Q

Why do bones serve as support?

A

The skeleton is our support framework. It allows us to sit, stand, bear weight, as well as maintain our posture.

23
Q

Why do bones serve for storage?

A

Bones store fat, minerals - calcium (99%) and phosphorus (85%).

24
Q

Why do bones produce cells?

A

Bone marrow produces the formed elements in the blood (red/white blood cells + platelets).

25
Q

What is a joint?

A

A joint is a junction between 2 bones.

26
Q

What are the 6 different types of joints?

A
  • Pivot
  • Hinge
  • Plane
  • Ball and Socket
  • Saddle
  • Ellipsoid
27
Q

What are the 5 different parts of a joint?

A
  • Bone
  • Joint Capsule
  • Cartilage
  • Ligament (connects bone to bone)
  • Joint cavity which contains synovial fluid (which allows movement)
28
Q

Muscles can…

A

Contract causing our bodies and internal organs to move.

29
Q

What 2 things happen when you work your muscles?

A
  • Heat is generated

- Energy is used

30
Q

What are the 4 functions of muscles?

A
  • Movement (muscles make movement possible)
  • Joint stabilization (keeps joints in place)
  • Posture maintenance (works continuously)
  • Heat release (85% of body temperature comes from muscle use)
31
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

A
  • Skeletal (voluntary movements and tire out easily (ex: walking, running)
  • Smooth (internal organs - they work a lot but slowly (ex: walls of the stomach)
  • Cardiac (heart muscle, involuntary - muscles contract to pump blood)
32
Q

Name the 9 muscles to-know.

A
  • Quadriceps, calf, hamstring, glutes.
  • Biceps, tricep, pectoral, abs.
  • Latissimus Dorsi (Lats, back).

Science secondaire 3 (6 decks)

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