Musculoskeletal Flashcards
What are the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm?
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Pronator teres
What is the innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Ulna nerve
What is the innervation of the palmaris longus?
Median nerve
What is the innervation of the flexor carpi radialis
Median nerve
What is the innervation of the pronator teres?
Median nerve
What is the action of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flexion and adduction of the wrist
What is the action of the palmaris longus?
Flexion of the wrist
What is the action of the flexor carpi radialis?
Flexor and abduction of the wrist
What is the action of the pronator teres?
Probation of the forearm
What is pronation?
Moving palm to face downwards
What muscle is in the intermediate part of the anterior forearm?
Flexor digitorium superficialis
What is the action of the flexor digitorium superficialis?
Flexes metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalageal joints and flexes the wrist
What is the innervation of the flexor digitorium superficialis?
Median nerve
What are the deep muscles of the anterior forearm?
Flexor pollicus longus
Flexor digitorium profundus
Pronator quadratus
What is the innervation of the flexor digitorium profundus?
Medial half: ulnar nerve
Lateral half: median nerve
What is the innervation of her flexor pollicis longus?
Median nerve
What is the innervation of the pronator quadratus?
Median nerve
What is the action of the flexor digitorium profundus?
Flexes the wrist
Flexes the distal interphalangeal joints
Flexes metacarpophalangeal joints
What is the action of the flexor pollicis longus?
Flexes interphalangeal joint and metacarophalangeal joint of the thumb
What is the action of the pronator quadratus?
Pronates the forearm
What are superficial muscles of the posterior forearm?
Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorium Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris
What is the innervation of the brachioradialis muscle?
Radial nerve
What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
Radial nerve
What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Radial nerve
What is the innervation of the extensor digitorium?
Radial nerve
What is the innervation of the extensor digiti minimi?
Radial nerve
What is the innervation of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
Radial nerve
What is the action of the brachioradialis muscle?
Flexes the elbow
What is the action of the extensor carpi radialis brevis and longus?
Extends and abducts the wrist
What is the action of the extensor digitorium?
Extends medial four fingers at MCP and IP joints
What is the action of extensor digiti minimi?
Extends the little finger and extension of the wrist
What is the action of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
Extension and adduction of the wrist
What are the deep muscles of the posterior forearm?
Supinator Abductee pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor indicis
What is the innervation of the supinator?
Radial nerve
What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis longus?
Radial nerve
What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis longus?
Radial nerve
What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis brevis?
Radial nerve
What is the innervation of the extensor indicis?
Radial nerve
What is the action of the supinator?
Supination of the forearm
What is the action of the abductor pollicis longus?
Abducts the thumb
What is the action of the extensor pollicis brevis?
Extends the MCP and CM joints of the thumb
What is the action of the extensor pollicis longus?
Extends all joints of the thumb - CM, MCP and IP
What is the action of the extensor indicis?
Extends the index finger
What are the four main groups of muscles in the hand?
Thenar
Hypothenar
Interossei
Lumbricals
What are the thenar muscles?
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
What is the innervation of the thenar muscles?
Median nerve
What is the action of the opponens pollicis?
Opposes the thumb, by medically rotating and flexing the metacarpal on the trapezium
What is the action of the abductor pollicis brevis?
Abducts the thumb
What is the action of the flexor pollicis brevis?
Flexes the MCP joint of the thumb
What are the hypothenar muscles?
Oppenens digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti mini brevis
What is the inversion of the hypothenar muscles?
Ulnar nerve
What is the action of the opponens digiti minimi?
Rotates metacarpal of little finger towards palm producing opposition
What is the action of abductor digiti minimi?
Abducts the little finger
What is the action of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?
Flexes the MCP joint of the little finger
What are the Lumbricals muscles?
They are named I, II, III and IV
Which of the Lumbricals are unipennate?
I and II
Which of the Lumbricals are bipennate?
III and IV
What is the innervation of the Lumbricals?
Medial two = ulnar nerve
Lateral two = median nerve
What is the action of the Lumbricals?
Flex the MCP joint, extend at IP joints of each finger
What are the muscle groups of the interossei muscles?
Dorsal interossei
Palmar interossei
What is the innervation of the interossei?
Ulnar nerve
What is the function of the dorsal interossei?
Abduction of the fingers at the MCP joint
What is the action of the palmar interossei?
Adduction of the fingers at the MCP joint
What are the two other muscles of the palm of the hand that do not fit into the thenar or hypothenar groups?
Palmaris brevis
Adductor pollicis
What is the innervation of ten palmaris brevis?
Ulnar nerve
What is the in creation of the adductor pollicis?
Ulnar nerve
What is the action of the palmaris brevis?
Wrinkles the the ski over the hypothenar eminence and deepens the curvature of the hand, improving grip
What is the action of the adductor pollicis?
Adduction of the thumb
What are the carpal bones in the hand?
Scaphoid Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate Triquetrum Pisiform Lunate
How many carpal bones are there?
8
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm
Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
What is the action of the biceps brachii?
Supination of the forearm.
It also flexes the arm at the elbow and at the shoulder
What is the action of the coracobrachialis?
Flex ion of the arm at the shoulder
What is the action of the Brachialis?
Flexion of the arm at the elbow
What is the innervation of the biceps brachii?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the innervation of the coracobrachialis?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What is the innervation of the Brachialis muscle?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm?
Triceps brachii
What is the action of the triceps brachii?
Extension of the arm at the elbow
What is the innervation of the triceps brachii?
Radial nerve
What is the order of components of the Brachial plexus?
Roots Trunks Divisions Cords Branches
What are the roots of the brachial plexus?
C5-T1
What are the trunks of the brachial plexus?
Superior
Middle
Inferior
What are the divisions in the brachial plexus?
Anterior and posterior divisions of each trunk
What are the names of the cords of the brachial plexus?
Lateral
Posterior
Medial
What are the cords of the brachial plexus named in reference to?
Their position in relation to the axillary artery
What is the lateral cord formed from?
The anterior division of the superior trunk
The anterior division of the middle trunk