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Anatomy > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Which nerve supplies the deltoid muscle?

A

Axillary

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2
Q

Which nerves supplies the majority of the muscles in the anterior forearm?

A

Median

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3
Q

Which nerve supplies the muscles in the hand (bar the thenar eminence) and 1.5 muscles of the anterior forearm?

A

Ulnar

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4
Q

Which nerve supplies the muscle of the posterior forearm and posterior arm?

A

Radial

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5
Q

SITS muscles?

A

Rotator cuff

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6
Q

Which muscle rotates the scapula during abduction?

A

Serratus anterior

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7
Q

Which muscles extend the shoulder?

A

Deltoid (posterior)
Teres major
(lattisimus dorsi and TRICEPS when arm fully flexed)

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8
Q

What does the superficial branch of the ulnar artery form?

A

The superficial branch of the ulnar artery forms the superficial palmar arch immediately deep to the palmar aponeurosis by anastomosing with the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery

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9
Q

Where does the radial artery bifurcate?

A

Proximal to the carpal tunnel

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10
Q

How many neurovascular bundles supply each finger?

A

Four:

  • Medial palmar
  • Lateral palmar
  • Medial dorsal
  • Lateral dorsal
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11
Q

What must you not use in a ring block?

A

Adrenaline!

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12
Q

Ulnar nerve supplies

palmar

A

Medial part of palm
Little finger
Medial half of the ring finger

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13
Q

Median nerve supplies

palmar

A

Central/lateral palm
Medial half of the ring finger
Middle & Index finger
Thumb (excluding skin over the base)

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14
Q

Radial nerve supplies

palmar

A

Skin over the base of the thumb

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15
Q

Ulnar nerve supplies (dorsal)

A

Medial part of dorsum of the hand
Little finger
Medial half of ring finger

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16
Q

Median nerve supplies (dorsal)

A

Skin over distal phalanges/nail beds

of thumb, index finger a

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17
Q

Radial nerve supplies (dorsal)

A

kin over the anatomical snuffbox
Lateral part of dorsum of the hand
Proximal index and middle fingers

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18
Q

Sesamoid Bone

A

A bone within a tendon

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19
Q

The Hip Joint

A

synovial, “ball and socket” joint between the acetabulum of the hip bone and the head of the femur

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20
Q

The Knee Joint

A

femur, tibia and patella

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21
Q

The Ankle Joint

A

tibia, fibula & talus

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22
Q

The Lateral Ankle Ligament Complex

A

Posterior talo-fibular ligament
Anterior talo-fibular ligament
Calcaneo-fibular ligament

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23
Q

Medial Ankle Ligament Complex

A

Deltoid ligament

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24
Q

At which joints does inversion/eversion occur?

A

Midtarsal and subtalar joints

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25
Q

Which nerve supplies the anterior muscles of the thigh?

A

The femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

26
Q

What constitutes the iliopsoas?

A

iliacus + psoas major

27
Q

Where does the quadriceps insert?

A

The tibial tuberosity

28
Q

What movements are the quadriceps responsible?

A

Flexion at the hip and extension at the knee

29
Q

Which nerve passes through the obturator foramen?

A

Lol, the obturator nerve

30
Q

Which nerve supplies the medial muscles of the thigh

A

The Obturator Nerve (L2,L3,L4)

31
Q

Where do the medial muscles of the thigh attach?

A

Shaft of the femur

32
Q

Which movement are the medial muscles of the thigh responsible for?

A

Adduction of the hip

33
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve pass?

A

Passes out of the greater sciatic foramen of the pelvis into the gluteal region

34
Q

What does the sciatic nerve supply?

A

The “hamstrings”

L4-S3

35
Q

What movement are the hamstrings responsible for?

A

Extension at hip, flexion at knee

36
Q

In which compartment of the thigh are the hamstrings?

A

The posterior compartment

37
Q

What movements is the posterior compartment of the leg responsible for?

A

Plantarflexion
Flexion of the toes
Inversion

38
Q

Which nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

The tibial nerve

39
Q

Which nerve is the tibial nerve a branch of?

A

The sciatic nerve

40
Q

What are muscles in the gluteal region responsible for?

A

Extension at the hip joint, abduction at the hip

Deeper muscles are external rotators of the hip

41
Q

Name the muscles in the gluteus region

A

Gluteus maximus,

Gluteus minimus, gluteus medius

42
Q

Which nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

The Superficial fibular nerve (branch of sciatic)

43
Q

How many muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

2

44
Q

What movements are the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg responsible for?

A

Eversion

45
Q

What movements are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg responsible for?

A

dorsiflexion at ankle
extension of toes
inversion (at subtalar and midtarsal joints)

46
Q

Which nerve supplies the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

The deep fibular nerve (branch of sciatic)

47
Q

Where does the femoral nerve run?

A

under inguinal ligament, into anterior compartment of thigh

48
Q

Where does the obturator nerve run?

A

passes through obturator foramen (pelvis) into medial compartment of thigh

49
Q

Which nerve supplies the intrinsic muscles of the foot?

A

Tibial

50
Q

Route of the Sciatic Nerve?

A

into post. compt. thigh via the gluteal region

It then splits into tibial and common fibular

51
Q

Which nerve winds round the head of the femur?

A

The common fibular nerve
Divides into superficial fibular-lateral compartment
deep fibular-anterior comparment of leg

52
Q

Which nerve does the saphenous nerve branch from?

A

The femoral

the saphenous nerve is sensory only

53
Q

Which nerve is particularly susceptible to compression?

A

The common fibular

54
Q

Where to palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse?

A

Just lateral to the tendon of the extensor hallicus muscle

55
Q

Blood supply to the hip joint?

A

Medial and lateral circumflex femoral branches (branches of the deep femoral artery)

  • Retinacular arteries
  • Artery to head of femur
56
Q

Where does the fibrous capsule of the hip joint attach anteriorly?

A

The intertrochanteric line

57
Q

What term is used to describe the action of contracting muscles on venous blood flow?

A

The musculovenous pump

58
Q

Sciatic Nerve (L-S)

A

L4-S3

59
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve supply?

A

The muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh, the muscles within all compartments of the leg and the intrinsic muscles of the foot

60
Q

Where do the menisci attach to?

A

The menisci are thicker peripherally where they are attached to the fibrous capsule.
The medial meniscus is also attached peripherally to the tibial (medial) collateral ligament which makes it more
vulnerable to tearing in a knee injury. Such an injury could occur after a blow to the lateral side of the knee that
distracts and twists the medial aspect of the joint. If the injury is such that the ACL is also ruptured, it is referred to as an “unhappy triad” knee injury.
Both menisci are point anchored anteriorly and posteriorly by attachment to the tibial intercondylar area. The inner
(deep) edges of the menisci are unattached to bone and very thin

61
Q

What does the anterior tibial artery become as it passes deep to the extensor retinaculae?

A

The dorsalis pedis artery

62
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the upper arm

A

Lymph vessels that accompany the cephalic drain into the apical AXILLARY lymph nodes
Lymph nodes that accompany the basilic vein drain into the cubital lymph nodes (anterior to the medial epicondyle). These then drain into the humeral (lateral) axillary lymph nodes
Lymph nodes that accompany deeper veins (radial and brachial) drain into the HUMERAL (lateral) axillary lymph nodes

-Ultimately lymph vessels from the upper limb follow the subclavian vein to drain
into the venous system at the venous angle.

Anatomy (13 decks)

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