GI Flashcards
Angle of mandible to zygomatic arch
Masseter
Coronoid process of mandible to lateral aspect of neurocranium
Temporalis
Medial side of angle of mandible to ptyergoid plate of sphenoid bone
Medial pterygoid
Condyle of mandible to pterygoid plates of sphenoid bone
Lateral pterygoid
Nerve supply to muscles of mastication
CNV3
Where does CNV3 enter/exit the CNS
At the pons
Special sensation of taste and general sensation to back of tongue
CN IX
Special sensation of taste to anterior 2/3rds tongue
CNVII (via chorda tympani)
General sensation to anterior 2/3rds tongue
CNV3
General sensation over gingiva and superior half of oral cavity and the palate
CNV2
The 2 exit/entrance foramina of CNVII
Stylomastoid foramen and internal acoustic meatus
Nerve supply to the tongue muscles
palatoglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus, genioglossus
CNXII
Gag reflex
Sensory part: CNIX
Motor part: CNIX and CNX
Where do the parotid ducts enter the oral cavity?
Opposite the upper second molar
Where do the submandibular ducts enter the oral cavity
At the base of the lingual frenulum
sublingual ducts enter the oral cavity into the floor of the mouth
Nerve supply to the pharyngeal constrictor muscles (outer circular layer)
CNX
Nerve supply to the inner longitudinal layer of muscles
CNIX and X
Level of the upper oesophageal sphincter
C6
sphincter = cricopharyngeus muscle
What level does the oesophagus begin?
C6
What nerves are in the oesophageal plexus?
Vagal trunks (P) and sympathetic nerve fibres
3 constrictions of the oesophagus
1) cervical constriction (cricopharyngeus muscle/sphincter)
2) thoracic constriction (because of the aorta and left main bronchus)
3) diaphragmatic constriction (lower oesophageal sphincter)
What is the Z line
Marks the change in mucosa from oseophageal to gastric
Incisura angularis?
Marks the junction between the body and pyloric antrum
-useful landmark for endoscopists
Name 3 retroperitoneal structures
Kidney, adrenal gland, pancreas
