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Anatomy > final anatomy 2 > Flashcards

final anatomy 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the false pelvis?

A

From the iliac crests to the pelvic inlet

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2
Q

Where is the true pelvis?

A

From the pelvic inlet to the pelvic floor

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3
Q

At which level do the ureters turn medially to enter the posterior aspect of the bladder?

A

At the level of the ischial spine

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4
Q

The route of the ureters is what…

A

Subperitoneal

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5
Q

Uterine artery is a branch of which artery?

A

Internal iliac artery

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6
Q

Branches from which artery supply the pelvic organs, gluteal region and perineum?

A

The internal iliac

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7
Q

In what position doe the body of the uterus usually lie?

A

Anteflexed

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8
Q

What separates the bladder from the uterus?

A

Vesicouterine pouch

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9
Q

2 routes of catheterising a patient?

A

Urethral

Supra-pubic

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10
Q

Sac the testis sit in

A

The tunica vaginalis

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11
Q

Where can the epididymis be palpated?

A

Posterior aspect of the testis

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12
Q

Where can the vas deferens be palpated?

A

Within the spermatic cord

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13
Q

Transmits deep arteries of the penis

A

Corpus cavernosum

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14
Q

Transmits the spongy urethra

A

Corpus spongiosum

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15
Q

What is in the corpus spongiosum?

A

The spongy urethra

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16
Q

Blood supply to penis

A

Deep arteries of the penis
-From the internal pudendal artery
From the INTERNAL ILIAC artery

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17
Q

Blood supply to the scrotum

A

Internal pudendal via the EXTERNAL iliac artery

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18
Q

Where does lymph from the scrotum & most of penis drain to?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

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19
Q

Where does lymph from the testes drain to?

A

LUMBAR NODES

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20
Q

Level of the right kidney

A

L1-L3

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21
Q

Level of the left kidney

A

T12-L2

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22
Q

Which ribs protect the kidneys?

A

11 and 12

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23
Q

Which muscles surround the kidneys?

A

Posterior abdominal wall muscles
Anterolateral abdominal wall muscles
Back muscles

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24
Q

What surrounds the kidney? VPRPR

A 
Visceral peritoneum
Paranephric fat
Renal fascia
Perinephric fat
Renal capsule
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25
Q

Where do you palpate for the kidney?

A

In the RUQ

inferior to rib 12

26
Q

Right kidney is posterior to…

A

Liver
Duodenum
Ascending colon
Right colic flexure

27
Q

Left kidney is posterior to

A

Stomach
Tail of pancrease
Hilum of spleen
Splenic vessels

28
Q

Where does lymph from the kidneys drain to?

A

The lumbar nodes

29
Q

Where does lymph from the ureters drain to?

A

Lumbar and iliac nodes

30
Q

Sites of ureteric constriction?

A

Pelviureteric junction
Ureter crossing anterior aspect of common iliac artery
Ureteric orifice

31
Q

Drains blood from the foregut?

A

Splenic vein (this drains into hepatic portal vein)

32
Q

Drains blood from the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric vein (drains into hepatic portal vein)

33
Q

Drains blood from the hindgut?

A

Inferior mesenteric vein (drains into splenic vein)

34
Q

Where is the larynx?

A

In the pretracheal fascia

35
Q

Accessory muscles of inspiration

A

Strap muscles

36
Q

Where is the larynx?

A

Between C4 and C6

37
Q

What level is the hyoid bone?

A

C3

38
Q

What level is the upper border of the thyroid cartilage?

A

C4/C5

39
Q

What level is the cricoid cartilage?

A

C6

40
Q

What level is the isthmus of the thyroid gland?

A

Anterior to tracheal cartilage 2-4

41
Q

Where do you palpate the trachea?

A

Jugular notch of the manubrium

42
Q

What level is the trachea?

A

C6

43
Q

What level does the larynx become the trachea?

A

C6

44
Q

What level does the pharynx become the oesophagus?

A

C6

45
Q

Functions of the larynx

A

Maintains the patency of the URT
Helps prevent entry of foreign bodies
Produces sound

46
Q

Access point for cricothyroid puncture

A

Cricothyroid membrane

47
Q

What is the Adam’s apple?

A

The laryngeal prominence

48
Q

Permits “nodding” movement between thyroid and cricoid cartilage?

A

Cricothyroid joint (synovial)

49
Q

Muscle in the posterior wall of the trachea

A

Trachealis

50
Q

What do you do to prevent regurgitation aspiration in emergency general anaesthesia?

A

Apply cricoid pressure

51
Q

Where do the vocal cords attach between?

A

Between the thyroid cartilage and the VOCAL PROCESSES of the arytenoid cartilage

52
Q

Where is the endotracheal tube placed?

A 
Through the mouth
Then oropharynx
Then laryngeal inlet
Then through rima glottidis
and into the trachea
53
Q

Lining of the larynx

A

Respiratory epithelium

54
Q

Lining of the vocal cords

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

55
Q

Mucosal sensory supply superior to vocal fold

A

Superior laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve

56
Q

Mucosal sensory supply to the vocal fold and INFERIOR part of the larynx

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

57
Q

Sensory and motor supply to the larynx

A

Vagus nerve

58
Q

These muscles of adduct the vocal cords during the cough reflex

A

Intrinsic muscles of the larynx

59
Q

What do the cricothyroids do?

A

Tense the vocal cords by “nodding” the thyroid cartilage anteriorly at the cricothyroid joints

60
Q

These muscles relax the vocal cords

A

Thryo-arytenoids (&vocalis muscles)

61
Q

These muscles adduct the vocal cords

A

Lateral crico-arytenoids

Anatomy (13 decks)

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