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Kol- Pedes > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Lateral curvature of the spine and spinal rotation that causes rib asymmetry

A

Scoliosis

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2
Q

Who is most likely to get scoliosis

A

Genetic tendency, more common in girls 8-15

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3
Q

Assessment findings for scoliosis

A
  • asymmetry in scapula/ribs/hips, one pant leg shorts than the other, school screening
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4
Q

What can we do to slow the curvature caused by scoliosis?

A

Bracing

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5
Q

When do we do surgical interventions for scoliosis?

A

If >45 degrees

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6
Q

Surgical/post op considerations for scoliosis

A 
go to ICU- rod placement surgery very invasive 
	◦  PCA pump
	◦  Supine 
	◦  Log-rolling every 2 hours
	◦ Skin integrity  
	◦ indications of bleeding/infection
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7
Q

Type of break that can result in altered bone growth

A

Epiphyseal plate injury

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8
Q

Type of fracture: compression of bone resulting in a bulge or raised area at the fracture site

A

Buckle( torus )

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9
Q

Type of fracture: bone is bent no more than 45 degree without breaking

A

Plastic deformation (bend)

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10
Q

Type of fracture: incomplete fracture of the bone

A

Greenstick

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11
Q

Type of fracture: break is straight across the bone

A

Transverse

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12
Q

Type of fracture: break is diagonal across the bone

A

Oblique

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13
Q

Type of fracture: breaks in spiral around the bone

A

Spiral

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14
Q

Type of fracture: small fractures/cracks in the bone due to repeated muscle contractions

A

Stress

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15
Q

Type of fracture: bone fragments are separated

A

Complete

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16
Q

Type of fracture: bone fragments are still attached

A

Incomplete

17
Q

Type of fracture: fracture occurs with an open wound and bone protruding

A

Open or compound

18
Q

Type of fracture :

fracture results in injury to other organs/tissues

A

Complicated

19
Q

Type of fracture: includes small fragments of bone that lie in surrounding tissue

A

Comminuted

20
Q

Priority assessments for fracture

A

Circulation, neuro (CMS from med surg)

21
Q

How to provide a traumatic care for casting?

A

Place cast on doll first

22
Q

What is skin traction?

A

No pins!

Weighs attached to skin with tape or straps

23
Q

What is skeletal traction?

A

Continuous pulling force through rods/pins in bone

24
Q

What is halo traction?

A

Halo screwed into skull bones, halo attached to vest or bed traction

25
Q

Assessment for traction with pins

A

Infection!

26
Q

5ps of compartment syndrome

A

‣ pain- unrelieved with elevations/ analgesics that worsens with passive movement
‣ pulselessness: distal to fracture (late finding)
‣ pallor- pale skin
‣ paralysis
‣ parasthesia - numbness (early finding)

27
Q

Bone infection secondary to infection from outside source?

A

Osteomyelitis

28
Q

A chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting joint function and tissue

A

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

29
Q

When will pain worst with juvenile idiopathic arthritis ?

A

After rest/morning

30
Q

Labs associated with juvenile idiomatic arthritis?

A

Elevated:
C reactive protein
ESR
WBC

31
Q

Goal of managing juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

A

Preserve function, control pain and inflammation

32
Q

Interventions for managing pain and inflammation with JIA

A

Warm moist heat
NSAIDS – take with food to minimize GI irritation
Prednisone
DMARDS

33
Q

How do we dose prednisone for kids with JIA?

A

Lowest effective dose for short-term therapy b/c of adverse effects (ex. take on an alternate day schedule)
• weight gain, alteration in growth

34
Q

What about psychosocial considerations with JIA?

A

encourage participation in school activities

35
Q

Inherited disorders with progressive degeneration of symmetric skeletal muscle groups
• Causes progressive muscle weakness and wasting

A

Muscular dystrophy

36
Q

Most common type of muscular dystrophy

A

Duchenne

37
Q

Muscular dystrophy type: X recessive, onset b/w 3-5 yr, fat tissue replaces muscle in lower limbs, live into early adulthood

A

Duchenne

38
Q

Type of muscular dystrophy :

autosomal dominant, onset adolescence, slow progression, facial weakness, inversion of shoulders

A

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

39
Q

Type of muscular dystrophy

autsomal dominant and recessive, later in childhood onset, slow progression

A

Limb girdle muscular dystrophy

Kol- Pedes (16 decks)

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