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Muscular System | All Muscle Except Head Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is contractility?

A

ability of muscle tissue to shorten and contract forcefully.

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2
Q

What is Excitability.

A

ability to generate an action potential in response to a stimulus.

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3
Q

What is Extensibility?

A

ability of muscle to stretch or get longer.

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4
Q

What is Elasticity?

A

ability to return to its original shape.

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5
Q

Sartorious muscle

A

contains single fibers that are at least 30 cm long

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6
Q

Functions of Muscle Tissue?

A
  1. Produce body movements
  2. Stabilize body positions
  3. Control of body openings and passages
  4. Generating heat
  5. Glycemic control
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7
Q

How many skeletal muscles in the body?

A

739 skeletal muscle in the body

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8
Q

What are the functions of Fascia Functions?

A

1) Serves as an origin site for skeletal muscles
2) Serves as an organizing and connecting layer. Groups of muscles work together a) operate smoother b) reduces friction.
3) Serves as a transit are for blood vessels and nerves

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9
Q

Indirect attachment?

A

Tendons. Skeletal muscles attached to tendons.

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10
Q

Direct attachment

A

No tendons. Skeletal muscles directly attached to bone.

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11
Q

How many muscle types are there?

A

6 types of muscles

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12
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris origin and action?

A

Origin: roof of orbit (lesser wing of sphenoid)
Action: elevates upper eyelid (opens eye)

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13
Q

What does “myo” always refer to?

A

Muscles

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14
Q

identify, origin, insertion, and action

A

identify: platysma
Origin: fascia over deltoid and pectoralis major
insertion: inferior border of mandible & adjacent muscle
Action: draws lower lip downward and backwards

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15
Q

Muscles that move the shoulder (scapula);

identify, origin, insertion, and action?

A

identify: pectoralis minor muscle
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
Origin: ribs 3-5
Action: pulls scapula anteriorly

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16
Q

Muscles that move the shoulder (scapula);

identify, origin, insertion and action?

A

identify: trapezius muscle
Origin: occipital bone, spinous process of 7th cervical and all thoracic vertebrae
insertion: a domino of scapula
Action: elevates clavicle, adducts, elevates or depresses scapula, extends head

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17
Q

Muscles that move the arm (humerus);

identify, origin, insertion, and action?

A

identify: deltoid muscle
Origin: acromion process and spine of scapula; clavicle
insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: abducts, flexes , extends, and medial or lateral rotation of arm

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18
Q

Muscles that move the arm (humerus);

Identify origin, insertion and action?

A

Identify: Latissimus
Origin: lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae; sacral and iliac crest
insertion: floor of intertubecular sulcus of humerus
Action: extends, adducts, rotates arm medially

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19
Q

Muscles that move the arm (humerus);

Identify, origin, insertion and action?

A

Identify: Pectoralis major
Origin: clavicle, sternum
insertion: crest of greater tubercle of humerus
Action: flexes, adducts and rotates arm medially

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20
Q

Muscles that move the arm (humerus);

Identify, origin, insertion and action?

A

Identify: Teres major
Origin: middle lateral border of scapula
insertion: crest of lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: extension and medial rotation of arm

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21
Q

Muscles that move the arm (humerus);
- rotator cuff muscles

identify, origin, insertion, and action:

A

Identify: teres minor
Origin: middle lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: arm extension and adduction; lateral rotation of arm

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22
Q

Muscles that move the arm (humerus);
- rotator cuff muscles

Identify origin, insertion, and action?

A

identify: subscapularis
insertion: lesser tubercle
Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
Action: rotates arm medially

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23
Q

Muscles that move the arm (humerus);
-rotator cuff muscles

identify, origin, insertion, and action?

A

identify: Supraspinatus
Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: abduction of arm

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24
Q

Muscles that move the arm (humerus);
- rotator cuff muscles

Identify, origin, insertion, and action?

A

identify: infraspinatus
origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
action: adduction and lateral rotation

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25
Muscles that move the forearm: Identify origin, insertion, and action
identify: brachialis insertion: coronoid process of ulna origin: anterior, distal humerus action: flexes forearm
26
Muscles that move the forearm: identify 66, origin, insertion, and action?
identify: brachioradialis insertion: superior to styloid process of radius origin: distal humerus action: flexes forearm
27
Muscles that move the forearm: Identify origin, insertion, and action?
identify: biceps brachii insertion: radial tuberosity origin: long head: supraglenoid tubercle; short head: coracoid process action: flexes forearm; supinates
28
Muscles that move the forearm: Identify origin, insertion, and action
identify: pronator quadratus insertion: distal radius, anteriolateral surface origin: distal line action: pronation
29
Muscles that move the forearm: Identify 70 origin, insertion, and action?
identify: Triceps brachii insertion: old ran on of ulna origin: long head: interior to glenoid cavity; medial and lateral to head: humerus action: extension of forearm
30
Muscles acting on abdominal wall: Identify origin, insertion, and action?
identify: rectus abdominis insertion: costal cartilages (ribs 5-7) and xiphoid process origin: pubic bone and pubic symphysis action: compression of abdomen
31
Muscles acting on abdominal wall: Identify origin, insertion, and action?
identify: transversus abdominis insertion: linea alba and pubis origin: thoracicolumbar fascia, costal cartilages of ribs 6-12, iliac crest action: compression of abdomen
32
Muscles acting on abdominal wall: Identify origin, insertion, and action?
identify: Internal oblique insertion: last 4 ribs, costal cartilages of ribs 8-10, and linea alba origin: thoracicolumbar fascia, inguinal ligament, iliac crest action: compression of abdomen, rotation of vertebral column
33
Muscles acting on abdominal wall: Identify origin, insertion, and action?
identify: external oblique insertion: iliac crest, linea alba origin: inferior 8 ribs (5-12) action: compression of abdomen, rotation of vertebral column
34
Muscles moving wrist, hand, and fingers: Identify 74 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: Extensor carpi radialis longus origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: action: extension and abduction of wrist
35
Muscles moving wrist, hand, and fingers: Identify 73 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: extensor carpi ulnaris origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: 5th metacarpal action: extension and adduction of wrist
36
Muscles moving wrist, hand, and fingers: Identify 63 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: flexor carpi ulnaris origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: carpal and 5th metacarpal action: flexes and adducts wrist
37
Muscles moving wrist, hand, and fingers: Identify 61 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: flexor carpi radialis origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: 2nd and 3rd metacarpal action: flexes and abducts wrist
38
Muscles moving wrist, hand, and fingers: Identify 71 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: Flexor digitorium superficialis origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: middle phalanges action: flexes middle phalanges
39
Muscles moving wrist, hand, and fingers: Identify 72 origin, insertion and action?
Identify: extensor digitorum origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: 2nd through 5th phalanges action: extends phalanges
40
Muscles moving wrist, hand, and fingers: Identify 62 origin, insertion and action?
Identify: Palmaris longus origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: palmaris aponeurosis action: weak flexor of wrist (sometimes absent)
41
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): Identify 48 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: rectus femoris origin: anterior inferior iliac spine Insertion: patella, tibial tuberosity action: extends lower leg and flexes thigh
42
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): identify 47 origin, insertion, and action?
identify: vastus medialis insertion: patella, tibial tuberosity origin: linea aspera action: extends lower leg and flexes thigh
43
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): identify 44 origin, insertion, and action?
identify: vastus lateralis origin: linea aspera insertion: patella, tibial tuberosity action: extends lower leg and flexes thigh
44
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): Identify origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: vastus intermedius origin: anterior femur Insertion: patella, tibial tuberosity action: extends lower leg and flexes thigh
45
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings identify, origin, insertion, and action?
identify: semimembranosus origin: ischial tuberosity insertion: medial condyle of tibia action: flexes lower leg and extends thigh
46
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings identify 35 origin, insertion and action?
identify: semitendinosus insertion: proximal, medial tibia origin: ischial tuberosity action: flexes lower leg and extends thigh
47
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings identify 30 origin, insertion, and action?
identify: biceps femoris insertion: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia origin: long head: ischial tuberosity; short head: linea aspera action: flexes lower leg and extends thigh
48
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings Identify, origin, insertion, and action?
identify: psoas major insertion: lesser trochanter origin: transverse process of lumbar vertebrae action: flexes lower leg and rotates thigh laterally
49
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings Identify, origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: iliacus origin: iliac fossa Insertion: tendon of psoas major action: flexes lower leg and rotates thigh laterally
50
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings identify 42 origin, insertion, and action?
identify: gluteus maximus insertion: gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract. origin: iliac crest, sacrum, and coccyx action: abducts thigh, extends thigh, rotates thigh laterally
51
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings identify 43 origin, insertion and action?
identify: gluteus medius insertion: greater trochanter origin: ilium action: abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially
52
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings identify origin, insertion, and action?
identify: gluteus minimus origin: ilium insertion: greater trochanter action: abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially
53
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings identify 38 origin, insertion, and action?
identify: adductor longus insertion: linea aspera origin: pubic symphysis action: adducts thigh
54
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings identify 39 origin, insertion, and action?
identify: adductor magnus insertion: linea aspera origin: rami of pubis and ischium action: adducts thigh
55
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings Identify 37 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: gracilis origin: pubic bone Insertion: proximal, medial tibia action: adducts thigh
56
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings Identify 46 origin, insertion and action?
Identify: sartorius Insertion: proximal, medial tibia origin: anterior superior iliac spine action: flexes leg, flexes thigh, and rotates it laterally, thus crossing the leg
57
Muscles that move thigh (femur) and/or leg (tibia, fibula): - hamstrings Identify 45 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: tensor fasciae latae Insertion: tibia by way of the iliotibial tract origin: iliac crest action: flexes and abducts thigh
58
Muscles that move the foot and toes: Identify 50 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: tibialis anterior Insertion: 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform origin: lateral condyle and shaft of tibia action: dorsiflexes and inverts foot
59
Muscles that move the foot and toes: Identify 57 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: gastrocnemius Insertion: calcaneus by way of achilles tendon origin: lateral and medial condyles of femur action: plantar flexes foot
60
Muscles that move the foot and toes: Identify 56 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: soleus origin: head of fibula and medial border of tibia Insertion: calcaneus by way of achilles tendon action: plantar flexes foot
61
Muscles that move the foot and toes: Identify 55 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: fibularis longus origin: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia Insertion: 1st metatarsal action: plantar flexes and everts foot
62
Muscles that move the foot and toes: Identify 59 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: extensor digitorum origin: lateral condyle of tibia Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of all toes except big toe action: dorsiflexes and everts foot and extends toes
63
Muscles that move the foot and toes: Identify 54 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: flexor hallucis longus origin: posterior surface of fibula Insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanx of big toe action: flexes big toe
64
Muscles that move the foot and toes: Identify 60 origin, insertion, and action?
Identify: extensor hallicus longus origin: anterior surface of fibula Insertion: distal phalanx of big toe action: dorsiflexes and inverts foot and extends big toe
65
Where are the biceps attached to?
The scapula
66
Mow many heads do the triceps have?
Two heads
67
What is SARC?
Muscle
68
What is a muscle tone?
The tension of a muscle when it is relaxed.
69
What are the three classes of proteins from myofibril proteins?
- contractile proteins - regulatory proteins - structural proteins
70
What does atrophy mean?
Discontinued use of a muscle.
71
What causes atrophy?
A disease in muscle mass A decrease in muscle tone Muscle becomes flaccid Muscle fibers become smaller and weaker
72
What makes muscles red in color?
Myoglobin (muscle globin)
73
What are the three types of skeletal muscle fibers, their color, and what are each one associated with?
- Fast fibers - white fibers | associated with eye muscle - Slow fibers - red fibers | contain myoglobin associated with leg muscles - Intermediate fibers - pink fibers | contract faster than slow fibers but slower than fast fibers
74
Aerobic metabolism users what?
Oxygen
75
What is the nerve that is connected to all of the muscles?
Neuromuscular junction.
76
What muscle is it when there is stripes on the muscles fibers?
Thick muscle fibers
77
What is sacromere?
Basic structural unit of muscle
78
What is sarcoplasm?
Cytoplasm of muscle
79
What is Sarcolemma?
Plasma membrane of muscle
80
What is sarcoplasmic reticulum?
Endoplasmic Reticulum of muscle
81
What is surrounding each myofibril?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) - consists of terminal cisternae and triads
82
What aid the first step of muscle contraction?
ACh rerleased, binding to receptors
83
What is the second step to muscle contraction?
Action potential reaches t tubule
84
What is the third step that initiates muscle contraction?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+
85
What is the fourth step that initiators muscle contraction?
Active site exposure and cross-bridge formation
86
What is the fifth step that initiates muscle contraction?
Contraction begins
87
What is in contractile proteins?
Actin & myosin
88
What is in regulatory proteins?
- tropomyosin | covers myosin binding site of actin - troponin | Ca+2 binding protein
89
What is in structural proteins?
- dystrophin | anchors the sarcomere to sarcolemma - nebulin | helps organize thin filaments
90
What is the myosin structure look like?
Looks like a sprout
91
How many states of muscle contraction do we have?
3 | relaxed state, initiation of contraction, “rigor” state
92
What is the relaxed state of muscle contraction?
- Ca+2 is stored in SR - tropomyosin covers the binding site on actin - myosin cannot bind to actin
93
What is the initiation of contraction state in muscle contraction?
- Ca+2 released from the SR - Ca+2 binds troponin. Tropomyosin is removed from myosin binding state - Myosin binds actin
94
What does the “rigor” state of muscle contraction contain?
1. Myosin binds to actin 2. ATP is not available for contraction

Anatomy (8 decks)

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