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Anatomy > muscular system > Flashcards

muscular system Flashcards

1
Q

two types of muscle

A

involuntary

voluntary

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2
Q

involuntary muscle

A

can’t control

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3
Q

voluntary muscle

A

can control

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4
Q

two types of involuntary muscle

A

cardiac

smooth

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5
Q

type of voluntary muscle

A

skeletal

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6
Q

skeletal muscle characteristics

A

attached to bones
striated
voluntary

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7
Q

cardiac muscle characteristics

A

striated
disks
involuntary

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8
Q

smooth muscle characteristics

A

non striated
tapered on ends
digestive tract

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9
Q

what is a sarcomere

A

basic unit of a muscle

made up of two kinds of myofilaments, actin and myosin

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10
Q

actin

A

thin

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11
Q

myosin

A

thick

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12
Q

explain how a sarcomere contracts

A

based off of an impulse

reach, grab and slide together

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13
Q

motor unit

A

motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it attaches to

delicate or strong

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14
Q

threshold stimulus

A

the minimal stimulation required to make muscles contract

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15
Q

all or non principal

A

tetanus

complete contraction of a muscle fiber

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16
Q

three functions of skeletal muscle

A

movement
posture and muscle tone
body temperature

17
Q

three types of muscle movers

A

agonists
antagonists
synergists

18
Q

agonist

A

prime mover

19
Q

antagonist

A

opposite movement

20
Q

synergist

A

assists and stabilizes the agonist

21
Q

how to muscles help maintain body temperature

A

contraction produces heat

22
Q

tonic contractions

A

continuous, low strength muscle contractions to help maintain posture

23
Q

tetanic contractions

A

sustained contraction with many twitches

24
Q

twitch contractions

A

quick, jerky response to stimulus

25
Q

atrophy

A

lack of exercise which leads to muscle loss

26
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase of muscle size due to exercise

27
Q

endurance training

A

aerobic
increases endurance
increases number of blood vessels and mitochondria in muscle fibers

28
Q

strength training

A

resistance exercises
increases number of myofilaments
makes muscle fibers larger

29
Q

two main types of muscle contraction

A

isotonic

isometric

30
Q

isotonic

A

involves movement

31
Q

isometric

A

no movement, tense

32
Q

two types of isotonic contractions

A

concentric

eccentric

33
Q

concentric contraction

A

muscle shortens

causes joint movement

34
Q

eccentric contractions

A

muscle lengthens

controls joint movement

Anatomy (13 decks)

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