Muscular System Flashcards
Muscular System Function
Responsible for all types of body movement. Provides support, stabilizes joints, generates heat.
Muscle fibers
Specialized cells that make up muscles. Contract to facilitate body movement
Cardiac Muscle
Striated muscle cells, short and branched. contraction of this muscle cell is involuntary. walls of the heat. Controlled by autonomic nervous system
Skeletal Muscle
Striated, long, cylindrical. Attached to bones in the body, skeletal muscle contracts voluntarily.
Smooth muscle
Non-Striated, Spindle-shaped. Found in walls of internal organs like stomach and bladder. Involuntary movement controlled by autonomic nervous system
Endomysium
encases individual skeletal muscle fibers
Perimysium
connective tissue that bundles endomysium together
Fasciculi
bundles of skeletal muscle fibers
Empimysium
bundles together fasciculi
Sarcolemma
Cell membrane that surrounds a skeletal muscle fiber
Sarcoplasm
cytoplasm of the skeletal muscle fiber
Myofibrils
Long cylindrical proteins that make up a muscle fiber
Myo filaments
make up a myofibril
Myosin
Myofilaments are made of several protein molecules called
Muscle Contraction
ATP causes a myosin head to move towards the actin and create a cross bridge.
Ligaments
Attach bones to bones
Joints
Where individual bones meet together
Immovable Joint
Fibrous joints, bones held together by connective tissues. Very close in contact. intersection of cranial bones in the skull
Partly Movable
Cartilaginous Joints, Bones held together by cartilage. Allow some degree of movement. Vertebral discs in spine.
Synovial
Allows the largest freedom of movement because the bones are separated by a joint cavity. Hip and shoulder.
Tendons
Attach muscle to bone
Flexor Muscle
Cause a joint to bend
Extension Muscle
When this muscle contracts it causes a joint to straighten
