Muscular System Flashcards
Muscular dystrophy
A muscle disease caused by mutations in a persons genes that overtime cause muscle weakness and decreased mobility
Cerebral palsy
It’s a motor disability brain is intact. The body can’t respond.
Compartment syndrome
Syndrome, where increase in pressure inside the muscle, which restrict blood flow that causes pain
Crush syndrome
Occurs due to crashing accidents
Damaging muscle cells resulting from pressure
Eviscerate
Disbowelment
Abrasions
Surface layer of the skin being rubbed or scraped off
Lacerations
A jagged cut
Avulsion
Tearing away from the skin surface, two types, complete or incomplete, replace flap if possible
amputation
Two body parts that should be one partial refund turn to original atomic opposition
Complete bring with you
Impaired objects
Do not remove
Unless CPR
Evisceration
Presence of a domino contents
Usually intestine to the abdominal wall
Can put back only if there’s a life-threatening bleed
Cover with Celine, soaked bandages to ensure the wound is airtight transport knees flexed
Hematoma
Bleeding under the skin, usually caught it due to a break in the wall
Usually not life-threatening, depending on where
Urticaria
Hives
Pruritus
Itching
Compound fracture
Open broken bone/broken skin
Simple
Closed
Bones in the body
206
Axial
80
appendicular bones
126
Osteoblasts
Build up the bone
osteoclasts
Breakdown the bone
remodeling
When both osteoblast and osteoclast work together and respond to estrogen, and both continuously work to maintain homeostasis
5 classifications of bone
Long. Femur.
Short Tarsals
Irregular vertebrae
Flat Scapula
Sesamoid patella
3 joints
Immovable skull
Slightly moveable pelvis
Highly moveable knee
Osteoporosis
Bone mass reduction in minerals, matrix and density
Two times more likely in women, especially after menopause
Hip is usually the first area damaged
Kyphosis
Softening of the vertebrae, causing a curve and hunching forward
Scoliosis
Spine curves, laterally in an S shape
Compression
Falling/diving
Collies
Distal wrist fracture, silver spoon
Green stick
Partial fracture from bending
Transverse
90° break of the bone
Oblique
0 to 90° break of the bone
Simple
Still in line
Commuted
Break along many lines
Rice
Rest
immobilize
Cold
Elevate
6 rules of splitting
Expose
Pad splint
Splint in position found
Immobilize joint below and above site
Treat underlying injuries first
Check CMS before and after
How much fluid can a pelvic fracture cause
500ml
Ked straps
My baby looks hot tonight
Traction splints
For midshaft femur fractures only
Closed
No upper or lower fractures, including pelvis
Hare
One leg only
Conscious patient lengthen until pain is relieved
Unconscious patient lengthen until the leg is the same length as the other leg
Sager rules
Bilaterally or singular
Adjust to the length of the uninjured like
Traction is a max of 10% of the body weight to 15lbs pounds or a max of 30 pounds for both legs
How many muscles are in the body?
600 muscles
Celox
Should not be used in eyes or mouth
Used to stuff open wounds has a clotting agent on it
three steps for bleeding
Direct pressure
Haemostatic agent
Tourniquet
Muscle cells do not multiply after birth so muscular tissue cancers are rare
Tourniquet
Place tourniquet 2 inches above injury site wait 30 seconds and apply another tourniquet to inches above is bleeding doesn’t stop
Three. Major functions of muscles.
Motion
Stabilize
Thermogenesis
How much blood loss in a femur fracture
1-2 L
Sprain
Is injury to ligaments
Strain
Is injury muscles or tendons
Lordosis
Nature curve of lower back
More of a curve
