muscular system

Question 1

how many muscles are in the body

Answer 1

over 600

Question 2

what is the largest muscle in the body

Answer 2

gluteus maximus

Question 3

function of the muscular system
& explanation

Answer 3

-support: muscle tone holds your your body in position
-movement: 3 types of muscles in the body each of which produces voluntary or involuntary movement
-heat production: shivering - it is a voluntary action and produces heat. this heat is dispersed via the blood

Question 4

types of muscles

Answer 4

-cardiac muscles
-skeletal muscles
-smooth muscles

Question 5

cardiac muscle

Answer 5

found in the wall of the heart
not undet conscience control

Question 6

Skeletal muscle

Answer 6

Muscles are attached to bones and move limbs they’re made of muscle fibres under your conscious control and they produce voluntary movement

Question 7

Smooth muscle

Answer 7

Find an internal body systems and move things throughout the body is involuntary movement

Question 8

Actions of prime mover

Answer 8

Skeletal muscles contract and pull bones
Muscles work in pairs called antagonistic pairs
the muscle that is contracting and pulling on the bone is known as the agonist or prime mover
And the muscle that is relaxing is known as the antagonist

Question 9

What is a concentric contraction

Answer 9

When the muscle get shorter and fatter

Question 10

What is an eccentric contraction

Answer 10

When the working muscle gets longer and thinner

Question 11

What is an isotonic contraction

Answer 11

When a muscle is working against resistance it shortens or lengthens

Question 12

What is an isometric contraction

Answer 12

When a muscle is working against resistance and stays the same length

Question 13

Describe slow twitch fibres

Answer 13

Designed for endurance
Contract and relax slowly
work for a long time
not as strong as fast twitch fibres
have a good oxygen supply
used in all types of exercise
used especially in aerobic exercise

Question 14

Describe fast twitch fibres

Answer 14

Designed for high intensity
contract and relax quickly
Tire out quickly
produce a lot of force
have a limited oxygen supply
used in high intensity exercise
used in anaerobic exercise

Question 15

How do you slow twitch fibres operate for longer

Answer 15

More arteries and veins to transport oxygen to cells
more myoglobin – brings the oxygen carried in blood into the muscle cells
bigger more mitochondria – create energy

Question 16

Short term affects of exercise on the muscular system

Answer 16

Muscle contracts were often
blood flows to muscles increase
muscle temperature rises

Question 17

Energy systems used for muscle contraction

Answer 17

Skeletal muscles need adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a fuel to produce energy 

Question 18

Three systems to supply ATP

Answer 18

Alactic
Lactic acid
Aerobic

Question 19

What does the energy system used depend on

Answer 19

Duration and intensity

Question 20

Effects of aerobic exercise

Answer 20

-used when exercise isn’t intense
-glycogen + fats are broken down to produce ATP
-waste produce- carbon dioxide- breathed out
-will keep providing ATP as long as there is a sufficient supply of glycogen

Question 21

Equation for aerobic exercise

Answer 21

Glucose + Oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 22

Long term effects on muscular system

Answer 22

Muscle hypertrophy
Increase in mitochondria
Increase in myglobin

Question 23

Effects of training slow twitch fibres

Answer 23

-increased network of arteries, capillaries & veins allowing more oxygen to the muscles & more waste products away
-Increased myoglobin – allows more oxygen to be taken into the muscle
- Increase number and size of mitochondria – Allows the muscle to produce more energy

Question 24

Affects of training fast twitch fibres

Answer 24

Increase in cross-sectional area – hypertrophy which allows the muscles produce more force
increased stores of high energy phosphagens allowing the muscles work in a high intensity for longer

Question 25

Oxygen debt

Answer 25

Need to replace fuel sources and remove lactic acid