Muscular System 1

Question 1

functions of muscular system

Answer 1

pull in bones to produce movement, muscles exert power for small adjustments for balance, tendons attach muscle to bone

Question 2

points of attachment

Answer 2

origin: attachment site of muscles to a stationary bone (fixed)
insertion: point of muscular attachment to a moveable bone (gets closer to origin)

Question 3

types of muscle action

Answer 3

agonist, antagonist, fixator

Question 4

what’s an agonist

Answer 4

the muscle that contracts and is responsible for movement

Question 5

what an antagonist

Answer 5

muscle which relaxes and allows movement

Question 6

what’s a fixator

Answer 6

muscle which stabilises one part of the body while another causes movement

Question 7

types of contraction

Answer 7

isometric, eccentric and concentric

Question 8

what is a concentric contraction with example

Answer 8

when a muscle shortens under tension. they’re used to raise weights, push off the ground, etc

upward phase on a arm/bicep curl; bicep brachii performs a concentric contraction as it shortens the produce flexion of the elbow

Question 9

what is a eccentric contraction with examples

Answer 9

when a muscle lengthens under tension (and does not relax). when a muscle contracts eccentrically it acts as a brake to help control movement during negative work.

eg during downward phase of a press-up there is flexion at the elbow and the tricep brachii lengthens under tension

Question 10

what is a isometric contraction with example

Answer 10

when a muscle contracts without changing length and therefore no movement occurs. isometric contractions occur when a muscle acts as a fixator or against a resistance and posture is maintained.

eg a gymnast holding a crucifix position on the rings

Question 11

antagonistic muscle pair during flexion of the wrist

Answer 11

ag- wrist flexors
an- wrist extensors

Question 12

antagonistic muscle pairs during flexion of the elbow

Answer 12

ag- bicep brachii
an- tricep brachii

Question 13

antagonistic muscle pair during flexion of the shoulder

Answer 13

ag- anterior deltoid
an- posterior deltoid

Question 14

antagonistic muscle pair during flexion of the hip

Answer 14

ag- Ilipsoas
an- gluteus maximus

Question 15

antagonistic muscle pair during flexion of the knee

Answer 15

ag- bicep femoris (hamstring group)
an- rectus femoris (quadricep group)

Question 16

antagonistic muscle pair during dorsi- flexion at the ankle

Answer 16

ag- tibialis anterior
an- gastrocnemius and soleus