Muscular (part 2)

Question 1

Another name for the prime mover 

Answer 1

Agonist

Question 2

The insertion of a muscle is likely to be more ____ & ____ than its origin 

Answer 2

Distal & mobile

Question 3

What is the difference between a synergist and a fixator? 

Answer 3

A synergist helps with the movement while the fixator is for stabilizing 

Question 4

Name one example of a specific muscle that works without crossing a joint 

Question 5

Buccinator

Answer 5

This muscle originates in the maxilla and mandible, inserts in the orbiculaire oris, presses the cheeks against the teeth and lips, and is involved in whistling, blowing, and sucking 

Question 6

Levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 6

Originates in the roof of the orbit, inserts in the upper eyelid, and opens the eye 

Question 7

What are the main muscles to elevate the mandible? 

Answer 7

Temporalis & Masseter

Question 8

Superior oblique

Answer 8

Depresses, abducts, and medially (internally) rotates eyeball

Question 9

Inferior oblique

Answer 9

Elevates, abducts, and laterally (externally) rotates eyeball 

Question 10

Medial rectus

Answer 10

Moves eyeball medially

Question 11

Superior rectus

Answer 11

Elevates, adducts, and medially (internally) rotates eyeball

Question 12

Vertebral extension of both sides are contracted, lateral vertebral flexion if one side is contracted 

Answer 12

Quadratus lumborum and erector spinae

Question 13

Rectus abdominis

Answer 13

Vertebral flexion, vertical fibers, originates in pubis, inserts in ribs, sternum

Question 14

When rotating the spine to the left, bringing the right shoulder towards the left hip, the ____ external oblique and the ____ internal oblique are engaged

Answer 14

Right
Left

Question 15

In inhalation, the diaphragm expands the thorax by pulling on its insertion, which is

Answer 15

A central tendon

Question 16

What muscles move the humerus?

Answer 16

Latissimus dorsi
Deltoid
Pectoralis major

(Pectoralis minor does not)

Question 17

What are the four muscles of the rotator cuff? 

Answer 17

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, & subscapularis

Question 18

Trapezius

Answer 18

Originates along the spine, inserts into the clavicle and scapula, and can elevate, adduct, depress, upward rotate, and stabilize the scapula 

Question 19

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 19

Originates along the spine, inserts into the humerus, and can extend, adduct, and medially rotate the arm at the shoulder. Draws the arm downward and backward, strong in swimmers. 

Question 20

Supraspinatus

Answer 20

Originates in the scapula, inserts in the humerus, and assists deltoid in abducting the arm 

Question 21

Subscapularis

Answer 21

Originates in the scapula, inserts in the humerus, and rotates the shoulder medially 

Question 22

Biceps brachii

Answer 22

The forearm (elbow) flexor which also acts to flex the shoulder 

Question 23

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 23

Inserts on metacarpal V, extends and adducts hand at wrist 

Question 24

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 24

Originates from ulna, insert into distal phalanges, flexes wrist and phalanges 

Question 25

Palmaris longus

Answer 25

Weak hand flexor, missing in some people 

Question 26

Flexor carpi radialis 

Answer 26

Insert into metacarpals II & III, flexes and abducts hand at wrist

Question 27

Psoas major

Answer 27

A hip flexor that can also move the vertebral column 

Question 28

Piriformis

Answer 28

This muscle can entrap the sciatic nerve, mimicking the symptoms of sciatica 

Question 29

What muscles flex the knee? (Hamstrings) 

Answer 29

Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, & semitendinosis

(Not rectus femoris)

Question 30

Sartorius

Answer 30

Longest muscle in the body, originates in the ilium and inserts in the tibia, flexes knee, abducts and laterally rotates the thigh 

Question 31

What muscles are lateral rotators of the thigh?

Answer 31

Piriformis, iliacus, gluteus maximus

(Not gluteus medius)

Question 32

Tibialis anterior

Answer 32

Originates in the tibia, dorsiflexes and inverts the foot, but does not move the toes

Question 33

Gastrocnemius

Answer 33

Plantar flexes foot and flexes knee

Question 34

Tibialis posterior

Answer 34

Originates from tibia and fibula, inserts into tarsals and metatarsals, plantar flexes and inverts foot 

Question 35

Flexor digitorum longus 

Answer 35

Originates from tibia, inserts into distal phalanges, plantar flexes foot and flexes toes 

Question 36

Fibularis longus 

Answer 36

Lateral compartment, plantar flexes and everts foot