Muscles of the upper limb Flashcards
1
Q
What is the innervation of the pectoralis major ?
A
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1)
2
Q
What is the blood supply to the pectoralis major?
A
Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk
3
Q
Where does the pectoralis major insert?
A
Crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus
4
Q
What is the function of the pectoralis major?
A
Flexes and adducts the arm.
Medially rotates the arm.
5
Q
What is the innervation of the pectoralis minor?
A
Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)
6
Q
What is the blood supply to the pectoralis minor?
A
Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk.
7
Q
What is the insertion of pectoralis minor?
A
Coracoid process of the scapula.
8
Q
What is the function of pectoralis minor?
A
Draws scapula forward, medialward and downward.
9
Q
What is the innervation of the serratus anterior?
A
Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
10
Q
What is the blood supply to the serratus anterior?
A
Lateral thoracic artery.
11
Q
What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?
A
medial border of scapula on its costal surface
12
Q
Function of the serratus anterior?
A
Draws scapula forward, inferior fibres rotate scapula superiorly.
13
Q
What is the innervation of the subclavius muscle?
A
Nerve to subclavius (C5)
14
Q
What is the blood supply to the subclavius muscle?
A
Clavicular branch of the thoracoacromial trunk
15
Q
What is the insertion of the subclavius?
A
Inferior surface of the clavicle.
16
Q
What is the function of the subclavius?
A
Draws the clavicle down and froward.
17
Q
What is an important clinical sign indicating breast cancer?
A
Deep fascia on anterior surface of the pectoralis major fusing with fascia of the mammary gland.
18
Q
What will a lesion of the long thoracic nerve cause?
A
Winging of the scapula.
19
Q
What is the innervation of the deltoid?
A
Axillary nerve (C5,6) form the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.
20
Q
What is the blood supply to deltoid?
A
Posterior circumflex humeral artery.
21
Q
What is the insertion of the deltoid?
A
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus.
22
Q
What is the function of the deltoid?
A
ABDUCT arm; anterior fibres flex and medially rotate the arm; posterior fibres extend and laterally rotate the arm.
23
Q
What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi?
A
Thoracodorsal nerve (C7/8) from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.
24
Q
What is the blood supply to the latissimus dorsi?
A
Thoracodorsal artery.
25
What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?
Floor of the intertubercular groove.
26
What is the function of the latissimus dorsi?
Extends the arm and rotates the arm medially.
27
What innervates levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapular nerve. Upper part receives branches of C3 and 4.
28
What is the blood supply to levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapular artery
29
What is the insertion of levator scapulae?
Medial border of the scapula from superior angle to the spine.
30
What is the function of the levator scapulae?
Elevates the scapula
31
What is the innervation of the rhomboideus major?
Dorsal scapular nerve C5.
32
What is the blood supply to the Rhomboideus major?
Dorsal scapular artery.
33
What is the insertion of the Rhomboid major?
medial border of the scapula inferior to the spine of the scapula.
34
What is the function of the rhomboid major?
Retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula inferiorly.
35
What is the innervation of the rhomboid minor?
Dorsal scapular nerve
36
What is the blood supply to the rhomboid minor?
Dorsal scapular artery.
37
Insertion of the rhomboid minor
Medial border of the scapula at the root of the spine of scapula.
38
What is the action of the rhomboid minor?
Retracts, elevates and rotates scapula inferiorly.
39
What is the innervation of the teres major?
Lower subscapular nerve (C5,6) from post cord of brachial plexus.
40
What is the blood supply to the teres major?
Circumflex scapular artery.
41
Insertion of the teres major
Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus.
42
Function of the teres major
Adducts arm, medially roatates and assists in arm extension.
43
Innervation of the trapezius
Motor: Spinal accessory (XI)
Proprioception: C3-C4.
44
Blood supply to trapezius
Transverse cervical artery.
45
Function of the trapezius
Elevates and depresses the scapula.
| Rotates scapula superiorly; retracts scapula.
46
Innervation of infraspinatus
Suprascapular nerve
47
What is the blood supply to subscapularis?
Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5,6)
48
What is the blood supply to the subscapularis?
Subscapular artery
49
Insertion of the subscapularis
Greater tubercle of the humerus.
50
Function of the subscapularis
Laterally rotates the arm
51
Innervation of subscapularis
Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5,6).
52
Blood supply to subscapularis
Subscapular artery
53
Insertion of subscapularis
Lesser tubercle of humerus
54
Function of subscapularis
Medially rotates arm, assists extension of the arm.
55
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
56
Innervation of supraspinatus
Suprascapular nerve (C5,6) - from posterior brachial plexus.
57
Blood supply to supraspinatus
Suprascapular artery
58
Insertion of supraspinatus
Greater tubercle of the humerus.
59
Function of the supraspinatus
Abducts the arm (initiates)
60
Innervation of the teres minor
Axillary nerve (C5,6) from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.
61
Blood supply to teres minor
Circumflex scapular artery.
62
Insertion of the teres minor
Greater tubercle of humerus.
63
Function of the teres minor
Laterally rotates the arm
64
Innervation of the anconeus
Nerve from radial nerve
65
Blood supply to anconeus
Interosseous recurrent artery.
66
Insertion of anconeus
Lateral side of the olecranon and the upper one-forth of the ulna.
67
Function of the anconeus
Extends the forearm.
68
Innervation of the biceps brachii
Musculotaneous nerve (C5,6)
69
Blood supply to biceps brachii
Brachial artery
70
Where does short head of biceps brachi originate?
Tip of the coracoid process of the scapula.
71
Where does long head of biceps brachi originate?
Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.
72
Insertion of the biceps brachii
Tuberosity of radius.
73
Function of the biceps brachi?
Flexes the forearm. Flexes arm (long) and supination if elbow is flexed.
74
Innervation of the brachialis
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6)
75
Blood supply of the brachialis
Brachial artery and radial recurrent artery.
76
Insertion of brachialis
Coronoid process of the ulna
77
Function of the brachialis
Flexes the forearm.
78
Innervation of the coracobrachialis
Musculocutaneous nerve
79
Blood supply of the coracobrachialis
Brachial artery
80
Function of the coracobrachialis
Flexes and adducts the arm.
81
Innervation of the triceps brachi?
Radial nerve
82
Blood supply of the triceps brachii
Deep brachial artery.
83
Insertion of the triceps brachii
Olecranon process of the ulna.
84
Function of the triceps brachii
Extends the forearm,, long head extends and adducts the arm.
85
Origin of Long head of triceps
Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula .
86
Origin of lateral head of triceps
Posterolateral humerus and lateral intermuscular septum.
87
Origin of the median head of triceps
Posteromedial surface of the inferior 1/2 of the humerus.
88
Innervation of the flexor carpi radialis?
Median nerve
89
Blood supply of the flexor carpi radialis
Radial artery
90
Function of the flexor carpi radialis
Flexes the wrist.
| Abducts the hand.
91
Insertion of the flexor carpi radialis
Base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals.
92
Innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris
Ulnar nerve
93
Blood supply to the flexor carpi ulnaris
Ulnar artery
94
Insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris
Pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal.
95
Function of the flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexes wrist and adducts hand.
96
Innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus
```
Median nerve (radial half)
Ulnar nerve (ulnar half)
```
97
blood supply to digitorum profundus
Ulnar artery, anterior interosseous artery.
98
Insertion of the digitorum profundus
Base of distal phalanx of digits 2-5.
99
Function of the digitorum profundus
Flexes metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal.
100
What part does the ulnar nerve innervate on the digitorum profundus?
Portion that acts on digits 4&5.
101
Innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis
Median nerve
102
Blood supply to the flexor digitorum superficialis
Radial artery and ulnar artery.
103
Insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis
Shafts of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5.
104
Function of the flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexes the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints.
105
Where does the median nerve travel?
Distally in the forearm on the deep surface of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle.
106
Innervation of flexor pollicus longus (FPL)
Median nerve
107
Blood supply of FPL
Anterior interosseous artery.
108
Insertion of the FPL
Base of distal phalanx of the thumb.
109
Function of the FPL
Flexes the metacarpophalangeal and interphalngeal joints of the thumb.
110
Where does the tendon of the FPL pass?
Through carpal tunnel with the other long digital flexor tendons of the median nerve.
111
Innervation of the palmaris longus
Median nerve
112
Blood supply of palmaris longus?
Ulnar artery
113
Insertion of the palmaris longus
Palmar aponeurosis
114
Function of the palmaris longus
Flexes the wrist.
115
Innervation of pronator quadratus
Median nerve
116
Blood supply of pronator quadratus
Anterior interosseous artery
117
Insertion of pronator quadratus
Anterior surface of the distal one-fourth of the radius.
118
Function of the pronator quadratus
Pronates the forearm.
119
Innervation of pronator teres
Median nerve
120
Blood supply of the pronator teres
Ulnar artery, anterior ulnar recurrent artery.
121
Insertion of the pronator teres
Midpoint of the lateral side of the shaft of the radius.
122
Function of the pronator teres
Pronates the forearm.
123
Which nerve passes through the 2 heads of origin of pronator teres?
Median nerve
124
Which posterior forearm muscles are innervated by the radial nerve?
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Anconeus (Nerve from radial)
125
Which posterior forearm muscles are innervated by the deep radial nerve?
```
Abductor pollicis longus.
Extensor carpi radialis brevis.
Extensor carpi ulnaris.
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Supinator.
```
126
Which posterior forearm muscles get their blood supply from radial artery?
Extensor carpi radialis brevis.
Extensor carpi radialis longus.
Brachioradialis (radial recurrent artery)
127
Which posterior forearm muscles get their blood supply from Interosseous recurrent artery?
Anconeus
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor digitorum
Supinator
128
Which posterior forearm muscles get their blood supply from posterior interosseous artery?
```
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus.
```
129
Where does extensor carpi ulnaris get its blood supply?
Ulnar artery.
130
Function of abductor pollicis longus
Abducts the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint.
131
Function of anconeus
Extends forearm
132
Function of brachioradialis
Flexes elbow, assists in pronation and supination.
133
Function of extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extends wrist; abducts the hand.
134
Function of extensor carpi radialis longus
Extends wrist and abducts hand
135
Function of extensor carpi ulnaris
Extends wrist and abducts hand.
136
Function of extensor digiti minimi
extends the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 5th digit
137
Function of extensor digitorum
extends the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 2-5th digits
138
Function of Extensor indicis
extends the index finger at the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints
139
Function of extensor pollicis brevis
extends the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal joint
140
Function of extensor pollicis longus
extends the thumb at the interphalangeal joint
141
Function of supinator
Supinates forearm.
