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3rd year > Muscles of the upper limb > Flashcards

Muscles of the upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis major ?

A

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1)

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2
Q

What is the blood supply to the pectoralis major?

A

Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

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3
Q

Where does the pectoralis major insert?

A

Crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

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4
Q

What is the function of the pectoralis major?

A

Flexes and adducts the arm.

Medially rotates the arm.

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5
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis minor?

A

Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)

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6
Q

What is the blood supply to the pectoralis minor?

A

Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk.

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7
Q

What is the insertion of pectoralis minor?

A

Coracoid process of the scapula.

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8
Q

What is the function of pectoralis minor?

A

Draws scapula forward, medialward and downward.

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9
Q

What is the innervation of the serratus anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

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10
Q

What is the blood supply to the serratus anterior?

A

Lateral thoracic artery.

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11
Q

What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?

A

medial border of scapula on its costal surface

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12
Q

Function of the serratus anterior?

A

Draws scapula forward, inferior fibres rotate scapula superiorly.

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the subclavius muscle?

A

Nerve to subclavius (C5)

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14
Q

What is the blood supply to the subclavius muscle?

A

Clavicular branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the subclavius?

A

Inferior surface of the clavicle.

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16
Q

What is the function of the subclavius?

A

Draws the clavicle down and froward.

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17
Q

What is an important clinical sign indicating breast cancer?

A

Deep fascia on anterior surface of the pectoralis major fusing with fascia of the mammary gland.

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18
Q

What will a lesion of the long thoracic nerve cause?

A

Winging of the scapula.

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19
Q

What is the innervation of the deltoid?

A

Axillary nerve (C5,6) form the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

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20
Q

What is the blood supply to deltoid?

A

Posterior circumflex humeral artery.

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21
Q

What is the insertion of the deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus.

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22
Q

What is the function of the deltoid?

A

ABDUCT arm; anterior fibres flex and medially rotate the arm; posterior fibres extend and laterally rotate the arm.

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23
Q

What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C7/8) from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

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24
Q

What is the blood supply to the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal artery.

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25
Q

What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Floor of the intertubercular groove.

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26
Q

What is the function of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Extends the arm and rotates the arm medially.

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27
Q

What innervates levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve. Upper part receives branches of C3 and 4.

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28
Q

What is the blood supply to levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular artery

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29
Q

What is the insertion of levator scapulae?

A

Medial border of the scapula from superior angle to the spine.

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30
Q

What is the function of the levator scapulae?

A

Elevates the scapula

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31
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboideus major?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve C5.

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32
Q

What is the blood supply to the Rhomboideus major?

A

Dorsal scapular artery.

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33
Q

What is the insertion of the Rhomboid major?

A

medial border of the scapula inferior to the spine of the scapula.

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34
Q

What is the function of the rhomboid major?

A

Retracts, elevates and rotates the scapula inferiorly.

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35
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboid minor?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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36
Q

What is the blood supply to the rhomboid minor?

A

Dorsal scapular artery.

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37
Q

Insertion of the rhomboid minor

A

Medial border of the scapula at the root of the spine of scapula.

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38
Q

What is the action of the rhomboid minor?

A

Retracts, elevates and rotates scapula inferiorly.

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39
Q

What is the innervation of the teres major?

A

Lower subscapular nerve (C5,6) from post cord of brachial plexus.

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40
Q

What is the blood supply to the teres major?

A

Circumflex scapular artery.

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41
Q

Insertion of the teres major

A

Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus.

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42
Q

Function of the teres major

A

Adducts arm, medially roatates and assists in arm extension.

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43
Q

Innervation of the trapezius

A

Motor: Spinal accessory (XI)
Proprioception: C3-C4.

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44
Q

Blood supply to trapezius

A

Transverse cervical artery.

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45
Q

Function of the trapezius

A

Elevates and depresses the scapula.

Rotates scapula superiorly; retracts scapula.

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46
Q

Innervation of infraspinatus

A

Suprascapular nerve

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47
Q

What is the blood supply to subscapularis?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5,6)

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48
Q

What is the blood supply to the subscapularis?

A

Subscapular artery

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49
Q

Insertion of the subscapularis

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus.

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50
Q

Function of the subscapularis

A

Laterally rotates the arm

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51
Q

Innervation of subscapularis

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5,6).

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52
Q

Blood supply to subscapularis

A

Subscapular artery

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53
Q

Insertion of subscapularis

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

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54
Q

Function of subscapularis

A

Medially rotates arm, assists extension of the arm.

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55
Q

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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56
Q

Innervation of supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5,6) - from posterior brachial plexus.

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57
Q

Blood supply to supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular artery

58
Q

Insertion of supraspinatus

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus.

59
Q

Function of the supraspinatus

A

Abducts the arm (initiates)

60
Q

Innervation of the teres minor

A

Axillary nerve (C5,6) from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

61
Q

Blood supply to teres minor

A

Circumflex scapular artery.

62
Q

Insertion of the teres minor

A

Greater tubercle of humerus.

63
Q

Function of the teres minor

A

Laterally rotates the arm

64
Q

Innervation of the anconeus

A

Nerve from radial nerve

65
Q

Blood supply to anconeus

A

Interosseous recurrent artery.

66
Q

Insertion of anconeus

A

Lateral side of the olecranon and the upper one-forth of the ulna.

67
Q

Function of the anconeus

A

Extends the forearm.

68
Q

Innervation of the biceps brachii

A

Musculotaneous nerve (C5,6)

69
Q

Blood supply to biceps brachii

A

Brachial artery

70
Q

Where does short head of biceps brachi originate?

A

Tip of the coracoid process of the scapula.

71
Q

Where does long head of biceps brachi originate?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.

72
Q

Insertion of the biceps brachii

A

Tuberosity of radius.

73
Q

Function of the biceps brachi?

A

Flexes the forearm. Flexes arm (long) and supination if elbow is flexed.

74
Q

Innervation of the brachialis

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6)

75
Q

Blood supply of the brachialis

A

Brachial artery and radial recurrent artery.

76
Q

Insertion of brachialis

A

Coronoid process of the ulna

77
Q

Function of the brachialis

A

Flexes the forearm.

78
Q

Innervation of the coracobrachialis

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

79
Q

Blood supply of the coracobrachialis

A

Brachial artery

80
Q

Function of the coracobrachialis

A

Flexes and adducts the arm.

81
Q

Innervation of the triceps brachi?

A

Radial nerve

82
Q

Blood supply of the triceps brachii

A

Deep brachial artery.

83
Q

Insertion of the triceps brachii

A

Olecranon process of the ulna.

84
Q

Function of the triceps brachii

A

Extends the forearm,, long head extends and adducts the arm.

85
Q

Origin of Long head of triceps

A

Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula .

86
Q

Origin of lateral head of triceps

A

Posterolateral humerus and lateral intermuscular septum.

87
Q

Origin of the median head of triceps

A

Posteromedial surface of the inferior 1/2 of the humerus.

88
Q

Innervation of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

Median nerve

89
Q

Blood supply of the flexor carpi radialis

A

Radial artery

90
Q

Function of the flexor carpi radialis

A

Flexes the wrist.

Abducts the hand.

91
Q

Insertion of the flexor carpi radialis

A

Base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals.

92
Q

Innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Ulnar nerve

93
Q

Blood supply to the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Ulnar artery

94
Q

Insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal.

95
Q

Function of the flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flexes wrist and adducts hand.

96
Q

Innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus

A 
Median nerve (radial half)
Ulnar nerve (ulnar half)
97
Q

blood supply to digitorum profundus

A

Ulnar artery, anterior interosseous artery.

98
Q

Insertion of the digitorum profundus

A

Base of distal phalanx of digits 2-5.

99
Q

Function of the digitorum profundus

A

Flexes metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal.

100
Q

What part does the ulnar nerve innervate on the digitorum profundus?

A

Portion that acts on digits 4&5.

101
Q

Innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Median nerve

102
Q

Blood supply to the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Radial artery and ulnar artery.

103
Q

Insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Shafts of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5.

104
Q

Function of the flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Flexes the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints.

105
Q

Where does the median nerve travel?

A

Distally in the forearm on the deep surface of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle.

106
Q

Innervation of flexor pollicus longus (FPL)

A

Median nerve

107
Q

Blood supply of FPL

A

Anterior interosseous artery.

108
Q

Insertion of the FPL

A

Base of distal phalanx of the thumb.

109
Q

Function of the FPL

A

Flexes the metacarpophalangeal and interphalngeal joints of the thumb.

110
Q

Where does the tendon of the FPL pass?

A

Through carpal tunnel with the other long digital flexor tendons of the median nerve.

111
Q

Innervation of the palmaris longus

A

Median nerve

112
Q

Blood supply of palmaris longus?

A

Ulnar artery

113
Q

Insertion of the palmaris longus

A

Palmar aponeurosis

114
Q

Function of the palmaris longus

A

Flexes the wrist.

115
Q

Innervation of pronator quadratus

A

Median nerve

116
Q

Blood supply of pronator quadratus

A

Anterior interosseous artery

117
Q

Insertion of pronator quadratus

A

Anterior surface of the distal one-fourth of the radius.

118
Q

Function of the pronator quadratus

A

Pronates the forearm.

119
Q

Innervation of pronator teres

A

Median nerve

120
Q

Blood supply of the pronator teres

A

Ulnar artery, anterior ulnar recurrent artery.

121
Q

Insertion of the pronator teres

A

Midpoint of the lateral side of the shaft of the radius.

122
Q

Function of the pronator teres

A

Pronates the forearm.

123
Q

Which nerve passes through the 2 heads of origin of pronator teres?

A

Median nerve

124
Q

Which posterior forearm muscles are innervated by the radial nerve?

A

Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Anconeus (Nerve from radial)

125
Q

Which posterior forearm muscles are innervated by the deep radial nerve?

A 
Abductor pollicis longus. 
Extensor carpi radialis brevis. 
Extensor carpi ulnaris.
Extensor digiti minimi 
Extensor digitorum 
Extensor indicis 
Extensor pollicis brevis 
Extensor pollicis longus 
Supinator.
126
Q

Which posterior forearm muscles get their blood supply from radial artery?

A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis.
Extensor carpi radialis longus.
Brachioradialis (radial recurrent artery)

127
Q

Which posterior forearm muscles get their blood supply from Interosseous recurrent artery?

A

Anconeus
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor digitorum
Supinator

128
Q

Which posterior forearm muscles get their blood supply from posterior interosseous artery?

A 
Abductor pollicis longus 
Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis 
Extensor pollicis brevis 
Extensor pollicis longus.
129
Q

Where does extensor carpi ulnaris get its blood supply?

A

Ulnar artery.

130
Q

Function of abductor pollicis longus

A

Abducts the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint.

131
Q

Function of anconeus

A

Extends forearm

132
Q

Function of brachioradialis

A

Flexes elbow, assists in pronation and supination.

133
Q

Function of extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Extends wrist; abducts the hand.

134
Q

Function of extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Extends wrist and abducts hand

135
Q

Function of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Extends wrist and abducts hand.

136
Q

Function of extensor digiti minimi

A

extends the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 5th digit

137
Q

Function of extensor digitorum

A

extends the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 2-5th digits

138
Q

Function of Extensor indicis

A

extends the index finger at the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints

139
Q

Function of extensor pollicis brevis

A

extends the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal joint

140
Q

Function of extensor pollicis longus

A

extends the thumb at the interphalangeal joint

141
Q

Function of supinator

A

Supinates forearm.

3rd year (22 decks)

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