Muscles of the upper limb Flashcards
What are the pectoral region muscles
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavicular
Serratus anterior
Origin and insertion of Pectoralis major
Orgin= Clavicular head and sternocostal head Insertion= Sulcus of humerus
Origin and insertion of pectoralis minor
Origin= rib 3-5 Insert= Coracoid process
Origin and insertion of Subcalviculus
Origin= 1st rib Insert= Mid clavicle
Origin and insertion of Serratus anterior
Origin= Rib 1-8 Insert= Medial border of scapulus
Extrinsic muscles of the shoulder
Rhomboid minor Rhomboid major Latissimus dorsi Leviator scapulae Trapezius
Origin and insertion of Trapezius
Origin= skull and c7-t12 Insert= clavicle acromiun Function= elevate, depression and protraction
Origin and insertion of Latissimus dorsi
Origin= T6-T12 Insert= groove of humerus Function= extend, adduct and medially rotate
Origin and insertion of leviator scapulae
Origin= C1- C4 Insert= Mid scapula Function= Elevate
Origin and insertion of Rhomboid major and minor
Origin=major (T2-T5) Minor (C7-T1)
Inserts= medial border of the scapulla
Function= retract and rotate
Rotator cuff muscles
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
Suprasinatus
Supraspinatus fossa to greater tubercle
abducts 0-15 degrees
Infraspinatus
Infraspinatus fossa to greater tubercle
Lateral rotation
Teres minor
Posterior scapulla to greater tubercle
Lateral roation
Subscapularis
Subscapularis fossa to lesser tubercle
Medial rotation
Deltoid
clavicle, coracoid process and spinous scapulla to deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Flex and extend shoulder
Teres major
Inferior scapula to intertuberosity of humerus
Adducts
What innervates the biceps?
Muscuntaneous nerve
What innervates the triceps?
Radial nerve
Anterior arm muscles
Medial to lateral
coracoibranchalis= coracoid process to medial side of humeral shaft
Biceps brachii= inserts in radial tuberosity
Branchialis- Ulna tuberosity insertion
* All innervated by the muscutaneous nerve
Triceps brachii
long and lateral head to olcronon of ulna
*radial nerve innervation
Anterior forearm superficial muscles
Lateral to medial All start at medial epicondlye -Pronator teres -Flexor carpi radialis -Palmaris longus -Flexor carpi ulnaris
All innervated by the median nerve besides the carpi ulnaris which is innervated by the ulna nerve
Pass fail pass fail
Anterior forearm intermediate muscles
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin-medial epicondyle of humerus and radius
Insert- splits 4, through carpal tunnel to middle phalanges
Function= flexes 4 metacarpals
*median nerve
Anterior forearm deep muscles
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollcius longus
pronator quadratus
Posterior forearm superficial muscles
Medial to lateral
- Brachioradialis
- Extensor carpi longus and brevis
- Extensor digitorum
- Extensor digiti minimi
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
- Anconeous
*all radial nerve
Posterior forearm deep muscles
- Supinator
- Abductus pollicis longus
- Extensor pollicis longus
- Extensor indicis proprius
*radial nerve
Thenar muscles
- Opponen pollicis-opposes
- Abductor pollicis brevis- abducts
- Flexor pollicis brevis- flexes
Median nerve innervates
Only Anna Farts
Hypothenar muscles
- Opponens digiti minimi
- Adbuctor digiti minimi
- Flexor digiti minimi
Ulnar nerve innervates
Lumbricals
Flex MCP
Ulnar innervates
Interossei
Dorsal- abduct (4)
Palmer- adduct (3)
Ulnar innervates
Coracobrachialis
origin- coracoid process of scapula, medial
insert- medial side of humeral shaft
Function= flexion of shoulder
Biceps brachii
Origin- long head superglenoid tubercle, short head coracoid process
Insert- radial tuberosity
Function= supination and flexion at elbow
Branchialis
Origin- medial and lateral surfaces of humeral shaft
Insert- Ulna tuberosity
Function= flexion of elbow
Pronator teres
origin- medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna
Insert- mid shaft of radius
function- pronation
*medial nerve
Flexor carpi radialis
origin- medial epicondyle
insert- metacarpals 2 and 3
Function= flexion of wrist and abduction
*media nerve
Profundus longus
15 % of population don't have this origin- medial epicondyle Insert- flexor reticulum Action= flexion *median nerve
Flexor carpi ulnarus
Origin- medial epicondyle
Insert-pisform bone
Function= flexion and adduction
*ulnar nerve
Flexor digitorum profunus
Origin- Ulna
Insert- 4 distal phalanges
Function= flex distal interphalanged joints of fingers
*medial= ulnar lateral= median
Flexor pollicus longus
Origin- anterior radialis
Insert- distal phalanx of thumb
Function= flexes thumb
*median nerve
Pronator quatratus
origin- Ulna
Insert- anterior radius
function= pronates
*median nerve
Branchioradialis
Origin- lateral supercondiyle ridge
Insert- distal end of radius
Function= supination, flexes elbow
Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
Origin: Longus- supercondiyle ridge, brevis- lateral epicondyle
Insert- metacarpals 2 +3
Function= extends and abducts wrist
Extensor digitorum
origin- lateral epicondyle
Insert- extensor hood of fingers
Function= extend fingers at MCP and IP joint
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Origin- lateral epicondyle
Insert- 4th metacarpal
Function= extends and adducts
Extensor digiti minimi
Origin- lateral epicondyle
Insert- extensor hood of little finger
Function= extends little finger
Anconeus
Origin- lateral epicondyle
Insert posterior and lateral olecranon
Function= extends and stabalises elbow
Supinator
Origin- lateral epicondyle
Insert- posterior radius
Function= supinates
Abductus pollicis longus
Lateral border of anatomical snuffbox
Origin- interosseous membrane (radius/ulna )
Insert- metacarpal 1
function- abducts thumb
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Origin- posterior radius
Insert-longus= proximal thalanx of thumb, Brevis= distal thalanx of thumb
Function= extends thumb
Extensor indicis
Origin- posterior ulna
Insert- Extensor hood of first finger
Function= extends
