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Anatomy terms > Abdominal wall and intestines > Flashcards

Abdominal wall and intestines Flashcards

1
Q

Flat muscles of abdominal wall

A

External obliques
Internal obliques
Transverse obliques

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2
Q

External obliques attachment and function

A 
Origin= Ribs 5-12
Insertion= Iliac crest (top of bony pelvis)
Function= Contralateral rotation of torso
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3
Q

Internal obliques attachment and function

A 
Origin= Iliac crest and inguinal ligament 
Insertion= Ribs 10-12
Function= Bilateral, unilateral rotation and ipsilateral
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4
Q

Tranverses abdominus attachment and function

A 
Origin= Ingunial ligament, costal cartilages 7-12, iliac crest 
Insertion= Xiphoid process, pubic crest, conjoint tendon
Function= compression of abdomen
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5
Q

Innervation of flat muscles

A

Thoracocabdominal nerves (T6-T11), Subcostal nerve (T12)

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6
Q

Vertical muscles

A 
Rectus abdominus (6 pack muscle)
Pyramidalis
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7
Q

Splits the abdomen

A

Linea alba

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8
Q

Rectus abdominus is insected by fibrous strips

A

Tendinous intersection

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9
Q

Rectus abdominus attachment and function

A

Origin= crest of pubis (bottom of pelvis)
Inserts= xiphoid process
Function= compression
Six pack muscle

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10
Q

Pyramidalis muscle attachment and function

A

Orgin=pubic crest

Inserts= tension of linea alba

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11
Q

4 parts of the duodenum

A

superior, descending, inferior, ascending

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12
Q

Differences between the jujenum and ileum

A

Jejunum

  • Thick wall
  • Longer vasa recta
  • less arcades
  • Red

Ileum

  • Thin
  • Shorter vasa recta
  • more arcades
  • pink
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13
Q

Circular folds and large flaps projecting into the lumen of the small intestine

A

Plicae circulares

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14
Q

Bulge in the small intestine at birth

A

Meckels diverticulum

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15
Q

What innervates the duodenum and jejunum

A

Gastrointestinal artery- branch of coeliac trunk
Pancreaoduodenal-Branch of superior mesenteric

Jejunum
Superior mesenteric artery from aorta level 1

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16
Q

4 parts of the colon

A

Ascending, transverse, descending, siphoid

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17
Q

Small pouches of peritoneum filled with fat attached to the surface of the large intestine

A

appendices epiptocia

18
Q

Longitudinal,3 strips of muscle

A

Teniae coli

19
Q

Teniae coli contraction and produce sacculations

A

Haustrations

20
Q

What supplies midgut

A

Superior mesenteric artery
Right and middle colic artery
Acending colon and 2/3 transverse

21
Q

What supplies the hindgut

A

Inferior mesenteric artery
Left colic artery
1/3 transverse, descending and siphoid

22
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Fuses the posterior serious wall only covering the anterior surface
Oesophagus, pancreas, duodenum

23
Q

Intraperitoneal

A

Orgain within gut completely covered/ surrounded with peritoneum= stomach, gut, ileum and jejunum, transverse colon

24
Q

Functions of the abdominal wall

A
  1. Forms firm and flexible wall which keeps the abdominal viscera in the abdominal cavity
  2. protects from injury
  3. maintains anatomical position of viscera against gravity
  4. assists forceful expiration by pushing abdominal viscera upwards
  5. intra-abdominal pressure
25
Q

Areas of the abdomen

A

Top left and right- Hypochrondriac
top middle- epigastric

Middle left and right- lumbar
middle middle- umbilical

Bottom left and right- iliac
Bottom middle- hypogastric

26
Q

Planes of the abdomen

A

Mid-clavicular= middle clavicle to mid igunal point
Transpyloric= L1 (xiphoid process and umbilicus)
Trans- tubercular= Tubercular plane L5

27
Q

Small intestine function

A

Assists absorption and digestion of food

Extends from the pylorus of stomach to the ileocaceal junction

28
Q

Duodenum

A

Most proximal portion of the small intestine
Runs from pylorus of stomach to deudenojujenal junction
Make c shape

29
Q

Duodenum divided into 4 parts

A
  1. superior (L1)
  2. descending (L1-L3)
  3. inferior (L3) Crosses aorta and vena cava
  4. Ascending (L3- L12)
30
Q

Vasa recta

A

are straight arteries coming off from arcades in the mesentery of the jejunum and ileum, and heading toward the intestines

31
Q

arcades

A

are loops of arteries

32
Q

Colon (large intestine)

A

Distal part of GI tract

Receives food from small intestine

33
Q

Ascending colon

A

Start off like colon- retroperitoneal which ascends from caecum
meets right lobe of liver and turns 90^o right

34
Q

Transverse

A

Crosses abdomen
Right colic flexure in spleen
attaches to diaphragm by phrenicolonic ligament
Least fixed part= intraperitoneal

35
Q

Descending colon

A

Retroperitoneal

moves inferiorly

36
Q

Sigmoid

A

s shaped

attached to pelvic wall by mesentry

37
Q

Drainage of colon

A

Descending and sigmoid- inferior mesenteric node

Ascending and transverse- superior mesenteric node

38
Q

caecum

A

Acts as a reservoir for chime which it receives from the ileum contains lots of lymphoid tissue
Found in right iliac fossa, can be palpated and enlarged due to faeces and gas

39
Q

Rectum

A

Most distal segment of the large intestine

Continuos proximally with sigmoid colon and terminates in anal canal

40
Q

Nerve supply to rectum

A

superior. middle and inferior rectal artery

Anatomy terms (11 decks)

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