Muscles of the trunk and vertical column

Question 1

O: Pubic symphysis, Pubic tubercle
I: Ribs 5-7 (costal cartilage anterior surface), Xiphoid process

Answer 1

RECTUS ABDOMINIS (FIG. 21.117)
A: Flexes the vertebral column, Laterally flexes the vertebral column, Compresses abdominal contents, Posteriorly tilts the pelvis
N: Anterior rami of intercostal nerves (T7-T12)

Question 2

O: Ribs 5-12 (anterior lateral surface)
I: Anterior iliac crest, Aponeurosis of rectus sheath, Pubic crest

Answer 2

EXTERNAL OBLIQUES (FIC 41 118)
A: Laterally flexes the vertebral column, Rotates the vertebral column, Flexes the vertebral column, Compresses abdominal contents, Posteriorly tilts the pelvis
N: Anterior rami of intercostal nerves (T7-T12)

Question 3

O: Iliac crest (anterior portion), Thoracolumbar fascia, Aponeurosis of rectus sheath, Inguinal ligament (lateral half)
I: Ribs 9-12 (anterior lateral surface)

Answer 3

INTERNAL OBLIQUES (FIG. 21.119)
A: Laterally flexes the vertebral column, Rotates the vertebral column, Flexes the vertebral column, Compresses abdominal contents, Posteriorly tilts the pelvis
N: Anterior rami of the intercostal nerves

Question 4

O: Ribs 7-12 (costal cartilage inner surface), Iliac crest, Aponeurosis of rectus sheath, Thoracolumbar aponeurosis, Inguinal ligament
I: Abdominal aponeurosis

Answer 4

TRANSVERSE ABDOMINALS, ACTION, Compresses abdominal contents
N: Anterior rami of intercostal nerves

Question 5

ORIGIN, Posterior iliac crest
I: Rib 12 (inferior surface), Transverse processes of L1-L4

Answer 5

QUADRATUS LUMBORUM (FIG. 21.121)
A: Laterally flexes the vertebral column (unilateral contraction), Elevates the hip (unilateral contraction), Extends the lumbar spine (bilateral contraction), Anteriorly tilts the pelvis (bilateral contraction)
N: Lumbar plexus

Question 6

O: Transverse process of one vertebral segment (cervical and thoracic regions)
I: Between superior and inferior nucha lines, Spinous processes of the fifth, sixth, and seventh vertebral segments above (cervical and thoracic regions except C1)

Answer 6

MULTIFIDUS (FIG. 21.125)
A: Rotates the vertebral column (unilateral contraction), Laterally flexes the vertebral column (unilateral contraction), Extends the vertebral column (bilateral contraction)
N: Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 7

O: Transverse process of one vertebral segment
I: Spinous process of the first or second vertebral segment above

Answer 7

ROTATORES (FIG. 21.126)
A: Rotates the vertebral column
N: Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 8

O: Transverse process of one vertebral segment
I: Spinous process of the first or second vertebral segment above

Answer 8

SPINALIS (FIG. 21.127)
A: Laterally flexes the vertebral column (unilateral contraction), Extends the vertebral column (bilateral contraction)
N: Posterior rami of thoracic and lower cervical spinal nerves

Question 9

O: Posterior sacrum, Transverse processes of T1-T5 and L1-L5, Transverse processes of C5-C7
I: Mastoid process, Transverse processes of C2-T12, Ribs 4-12 (posterior surface)

Answer 9

LONGISSIMUS (FIG. 21.128)
A: Laterally flexes the vertebral column (unilateral contraction), Extends the vertebral column (bilateral contraction), Extends the head (bilateral contraction)
N: Posterior rami of lumbar, thoracic, and lower cervical spinal nerves

Question 10

O: Posterior iliac crest, Posterior sacrum, Ribs 3-12 (posterior surface)
I: Ribs 1-12 (posterior surface), Transverse processes of C4-C7

Answer 10

ILIOCOSTALIS (FIG. 21.129
A: Laterally flexes the vertebral column (unilateral contraction), Extends the vertebral column (bilateral contraction)
N: Posterior rami of upper lumbar, thoracic, and lower cervical spinal nerves

Question 11

Flexion of the trunk and vertical column

Answer 11

Psoas major, Rectus abdominis, External obliques, Internal obliques

Question 12

Extension of the trunk and vertical column

Answer 12

Quadratus lumborum, Semispinalis, Multifidus, Erector spinae

Question 13

Lateral Flexion of the trunk and vertical column

Answer 13

Rectus alodominis, External obliques, Internal obliques, Quadratus lumborum, Semispinalis, Multifidus, Erector spinae

Question 14

Rotation of the trunk and vertical column

Answer 14

External obliques, Internal obliques, Transversospinalis