muscles of the spine

Question 1

splenius capitis

Answer 1

O: C7 - T3
A: capital & cervical extension; lateral cervical flexion and ipsilateral rotation (same side rotation)
Inserts at the mastoid process of the temporal bone and a part of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone

Question 2

splenius cervicis

Answer 2

O: spinous processes of T3-T6
I: transverse processes of C2-C3
A: Cervical extension; lateral cervical flexion and ipsilateral rotation
*splenius capitis and cervicis have similar action. Since capitis has capital = head ext.
Cervicis is on the outside of the capitis.

Question 3

How many muscles is the erector spinae made of and what are they?

Answer 3

3 muscles.
iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis.

Question 4

what is the ranking of the 3 erector spinae muscles in order from most lateral to medial?

Answer 4

Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis.
Spinalis hint = spine (which is medial)

Question 5

iliocostalis (1)

Answer 5

This muscle has cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions.
O: posterior sacrum, medial ilium, posterior surfaces of ribs 1-12.
I: transverse processes of C4-C7
A: extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column.

Question 6

Longissimus (2)

Answer 6

This muscle has capital, cervical and thoracic compartments. (also touches lumbar)
O: Thoracolumbar fascia, transverse processes of T1-T5, articular processes of C4-C7.
I: transverse processes of T1-T12.
A: Extension and lateral flexion of the vertebral column; ipsilateral rotation of the head and the neck.
DOES touch the transverse processes of LUMBAR vertebrae through fascia.

Question 7

Spinalis

Answer 7

This muscle has capital, cervical, thoracic compartments.
O: spinous process of T11-L2, nuchal line, spinous processes of C7-T2.
I: spinous processes of C2-C4 and T1-T8; between superior and inferior nuchal line of occiput.
A: Extension and lateral flexion of the cervical spine; contralateral rotation of head and neck.

Question 8

how many muscles is the transversospinalis made up of and what are they called?

Answer 8

3 muscles.
semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores.

Question 9

Semispinalis

Answer 9

Has capital, cervical and thoracic compartments.
A: extension of the vertebral column and contralateral rotation of head and neck.

Question 10

multifidus

Answer 10

originates at the posterior surface of the sacrum.
A: extension and contralateral rotation of the spine.

Question 11

Rotatores

Answer 11

A: extension and contralateral rotation of the spine.

Question 12

Quadratus lumborum

Answer 12

A: extension of the vertebral column; lateral side flexion and anteriorly tilts the pelvis.
This muscles inserts at the posterior iliac crest and is on the side ish. It is low in the back. Lumbar spine - iliac crest

Question 13

list the 3 transversospinalis muscles in order of largest to smallest

Answer 13

semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores