Muscles of the Shoulder & Hip

Question 1

Where is the greater tuberosity of the humerus?

Answer 1

Anterior. The lesser tuberosity is lateral.

Question 2

What are the rotator cuff muscles of the GH joint?

Answer 2

Teres minor (a lateral rotator), infraspinatus (lateral rotator), supraspinatus (abductor) and subscapularis (medial rotator)

Question 3

What are the movements of the scapula?

Answer 3

Protraction, retraction, elevation, depression, lateral/medial rotation.

Question 4

What are the principal flexors/extensors of the hip?

Answer 4

flexor - iliopsoas. extensor - gluteus maximus.

Question 5

What separates the gluteus maximus and the ischial tuberosity/greater trochanter?

Answer 5

Bursae.

Question 6

What is the function of the gluteus medius?

Answer 6

Abduction

Question 7

What muscle lies deep to the gluetus medius, and what does it do?

Answer 7

Gluteus Minimus. It abducts the hip with the tensior fascia lata, but weaker than the gluteus medius.

Question 8

Why is abduction (and its associated muscles) so important in the leg when walking?

Answer 8

It prevents the pelvis dropping on the side with the foot off the ground.

Question 9

What are the lateral rotators of the hip?

Answer 9

Quadratus femoris, piriformis, superior + inferior gemelli, and obturator internus. These muscles also stabilise the hip joint.