Muscles of the Hand and Foot Flashcards
Broadly speaking, what are the groups of intrinsic muscles of the hand?
Thenar eminence, hypothenar eminence, interosseous muscles, lumbricals.
Where do the lumbricals attach?
To the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus.
Fascia separates the compartments of the palm of the hand. What are these compartments?
Medial, lateral and middle. The connective tissue covering the middle compartment is the palmar aponeurosis.
What are the muscles of the thenar eminence?
Flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis.
Which nerve innervates the muscles of the thenar eminence?
Median nerve.
Where is adductor pollicis located, and which nerve supplies it?
In the web of the hand (runs transversely and obliquely). Supplied by the ulnar nerve.
which muscles form the hypothenar eminence?
Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi.
Which nerve supplies the hypothenar muscles?
Ulnar.
Which movements are produced by the interossei muscles?
Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joint, extension of the interphalangeal joint (via extension expansion), abduction and adduction of fingers.
Which movement do palmar / dorsal interossei produce.
DAB (dorsal abduct), PAD (palmar adduct).
Which nerve supplies the interossei?
Ulnar
Where do the lumbricals attach?
Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
Which movements do the lumbricals produce?
Same as interossei. Flexion of MP, extension of IP.
Which nerve innervates the lumbricals?
According to innervation of associated tendon. (i.e. lateral 2 by median nerve, medial 2 by ulnar nerve).
Which two muscles are present in the foot but not the hand?
Flexor digitorum brevis, quadratus plantae
Which intrinsic muscles can be seen on the dorsal aspect of the foot?
Extensor digitorum brevis. (Joint extension expansion)
Which muscles move the hallux?
Abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis.
Which muscles move the little toe?
Abductor digiti minimi and flexor digiti minimi brevis.
Which muscles abduct/adduct metatarsals?
Interossei (DAB - PAD)
What is the function of the quadratus plantae?
straighten tendon of flexor digitorum.
Which nerve supplies the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
Tibial nerve via medial and lateral plantar nerves
Where is the tarsal tunnel, and which structure covers it?
Behind medial malleolus, covered by flexor retinaculum
Which structures pass through the tarsal tunnel?
tendon of tibialis posterior, tendon of flexor digitorum longus, posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve, tendon of flexor hallucis longus.
