Muscles of the Head Flashcards
Rostral Auricular Mm
Mimetic M
Origin:
Insertion: Auricular or scutiform cartilage
Innervation: Facial N
Action: attention
Caudal Auricular Mm
Mimetic M
Origin: Median raphe of neck
Insertion: Auricular or scutiform cartilage
Innervation: Facial N
Action: Lay ears caudally
Platysma
Mimetic M
Origin: Dorsal median raphe
Insertion: Angle of mouth
Innervation: Facial N
Action: Draw lips caudally
Zygomaticus
Mimetic M
Origin: Scutiform cartilage
Insertion: Angle of mouth
Innervation: Facial N
Action: Retract angle of mouth
Parotidoauricularis
Mimetic M
Origin: ventral cervical fascia
Insertion: Auricular concha (funnel shaped part of auricle)
Innervation: Facial N
Action:Depresses auricular cartilage
Orbicularis oris
Mimetic M
Origin: One lip to the other around angle of mouth
Insertion:
Innervation: Facial N
Action: Sphincter of mouth
Buccinator
Mimetic M
Origin: Alveolar margins of madible and maxilla
Insertion: Angle of mouth and border of the lips
Innervation: Facial N
Action: Return food from vestibule to occlusal surface
Lavator nasolabialis
Mimetic M
Origin: Maxillary bone
Insertion: Edge of superior lip and naris
Innervation: Facial N
Action: Dilates nose, raises superior lip
Caninus (not on the structures list)
Mimetic M
Origin:
Insertion: Upper lip
Innervation: Facial N
Action: Dilates nostril, raises superior lip
Orbicularis oculi
Mimetic M
Origin: N=Medial palpebral ligament
Insertion: Medial palpebral ligament
Innervation: Facial N
Action: Sphincter of eyelids
Retractor anguli oculi lateralis
Mimetic M
Origin: Temporalis fascia
Insertion: Lateral ocular angle
Innervation: Facial N
Action: Close palpebral fissure
Cricopharyngeus
Pharyngeal M
Origin: Lateral surface of cricoid cartilage
Insertion: Median dorsal raphe of laryngopharynx, esophagus caudally
Innervation: Pharyngeal branches of CN IX & X
Action: Swallowing
Thyropharyngeus
Pharyngeal M
Origin: Lateral side of thyroid cartilage
Insertion: Median dorsal raphe of the pharynx
Innervation: Pharyngeal branches of CN IX & X
Action: Swallowing
Hyopharyngeus
Pharyngeal M
Origin: Lateral surface of thyrohyoid bone & ceratohyoid bone
Insertion: Median dorsal raphe of the pharynx
Innervation: Pharyngeal branches of CN IX & X
Action: Swallowing
Palatopharyngeus
Pharyngeal M
Origin: Soft palate
Insertion: Lateral and dorsal wall of pharynx
Innervation: Pharyngeal branches of IX & X
Action: Contrict and shorten pharynx
Pterygopharyngeus
Pharyngeal M
Origin: Pterygoid bone
Insertion: Dorsal wall of pharynx
Innervation: Pharyngeal branches of IX & X
Action: Contrict and shorten pharynx
Stylopharyngeus
Pharyngeal M
Origin: Stylohyoid bone
Insertion: Dorsolateral wall of pharynx
Innervation: Pharyngeal Branches of CN IX & X
Action: Dilate pharynx
Levator veli paltini
Pharyngeal M
Origin: Tympanic part of temporal bone
Insertion: Pterygoid bone
Innervation: Pharngeal branches of CN IX and X
Action: Raises caudal end of the soft palate
Tensor veli palatini
Pharyngeal M
Origin: Cartilaginous wall of auditory tube
Insertion: Ptrygoid bone and soft palate
Innervation: Mandibular N (of CN V)
Action: Stratch soft palate
Sternothyroideus
Laryngeal M
Origin: 1st costal cartilage
Insertion: Caudolateral surface of thyroid cartilage
Innervation: Ventral branches of cervical spinal Nn
Action: Draw larynx and tongue caudally
Cricothyroid
Laryngeal M
Origin: Cricoid cartilage
Insertion: Thyroid lamina
Innervation: Cranial Laryngeal N
Action: Tenses vocal fold
Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis
Laryngeal M
Origin: Dorsolateral surface of cricoid cartilage
Insertion: Muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
Innervation: Caudal Laryngeal N
Action: Opens glottis
Cricoarytenoideus lateralis
Laryngeal M
Origin: Lateral surface of cricoid cartilage
Insertion: Arytenoid cartilage
Innervation: Caudal Laryngeal N
Action: Close glottis
Thyroarytenoideus (not on list)
Laryngeal M
Origin: Internal midline of thyroid cartilage
Insertion: Arytenoid cartilage
Innervation: Caudal Laryngeal N
Action: Relax vocal fold and contrict glottis
Vocalis (medial part of thyroarytenoideus)
Laryngeal M
Origin: Internal midline of thyroid cartilage
Insertion: Vocal process of arytenoid cartilage
Innervation: Caudal Laryngeal N
Action: Relax vocal fold
Arytenoideus transversus (not on list)
Laryngeal M
Origin: Arytenoids
Insertion:
Innervation: Caudal Laryngeal N
Action: Dilates glottis
Temporalis
M of Mastication
Origin: Temporal fossa
Insertion: Coranoid process of mandible
Innervation: Mandibular N (of CN V)
Action: Raise mandible to close mouth
Masseter
M of Mastication
Origin: Zygomatic arch
Insertion: Masseteric fossa, ventrolateral surface of ramus of mandible, angular process
Innervation: Mandibular N (of CN V)
Action: Close jaw
Medial and lateral pterygoid
M of Mastication
Origin: Pterygopalatin fossa
Insertion: medial surface and caudal margin of the ramus of mandible and angular process
Innervation: Mandibular N (of CN V)
Action: Close jaw, Lateral: draw mandible rostrally
Digastricus
M of Mastication
Origin: Paracondylar process of occipital bone
Insertion: Body of mandible
Innervation: Rostral part- mandibular N; Caudal part- facial N
Action: Open jaws
Styloglossus
Lingual M
Origin: Stylohyoid bone
Insertion: Middle of tongue
Innervation: hypoglossal N
Action: Retract and elevate tongue
Hyoglossus
Lingual M
Origin: thyrohyoid and basihyoid bone
Insertion: root of tongue
Innervation: hypoglossal N
Action: Depresses tongue
Genioglossus
Lingual M
Origin: Intermandibular articulation and adjacent surface of body of mandile
Insertion: Median plane of tongue
Innervation: hypoglossal N
Action: Caudal fibers protrude tongue, rostral fibers retraact apex
Sternohyoideus
Hyoid M
Origin: Sternum, 1st costal cartilage
Insertion: Basihyoid bone
Innervation: Ventral branches of cervical spinal Nn adn Hypoglossal N
Action: Pull tongue and larynx caudally
Thyrohyoideus
Hyoid M
Origin: Thyroid cartilage
Insertion: Thyrohyoid bone
Innervation: Ventral branches of cervical spinal Nn adn Hypoglossal N
Action: Pull hyoid caudally, larynx rostrally
Mylohyoideus
Hyoid M
Origin: Medial surface of body of mandible
Insertion: Fellow muscle on midventral raphe; caudally inserts on basihyoid
Innervation: Mandibular N
Action: Support tongue
Geniohyoideus
Hyoid M
Origin: Intermandibular articulation
Insertion: Basihyoid
Innervation: Hypoglossal N
Action: Draw hyoid and larynx rostrally
Levator palpebrae superioris
Eye M
Origin: apex of orbit
Insertion: Upper eyelid
Innervation: Oculomotor N
Action: Lift upper eyelid
Dorsal, Medial, and Ventral Rectus Mm
Eye Mm
Origin: Bone next to the optic canal and orbitl fissure
Insertion: Sclera
Innervation: Oculomotor N
Action: Dorsal- rotate globe dorally on x -axis; Ventral- rotate globe ventrally on x-axis; Medial- rotate globe medially on y-axis
Lateral Rectus M
Eye M
Origin: Bone next to the optic canal and orbital fissure
Insertion: Sclera
Innervation: Abducent N
Action: Rotate globe laterally on y-axis
Retractor bulbi
Eye M
Origin: Suround optic N
Insertion:
Innervation: Abducent N
Action: Retract globe
Dorsal oblique
Eye M
Origin: Bone near medial border of optic canal; Long tendon rostrally passes through trochlea on medial angle of eye
Insertion: Sclera at insertion of dorsal rectus
Innervation: Trochlear N
Action: Rotate globe on z-axis (left eye- counter-clockwise; right eye- clockwise)
Ventral oblique
Eye M
Origin: Rostral border of the palatine bone
Insertion: Sclera at insertion of lateral rectus
Innervation: Oculomotor N
Action: Rotate globe on z-axis(left eye- clockwise; right eye- counter-clockwise)
