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MRCS Anatomy - Upper Limb > Muscles of the Hand > Flashcards

Muscles of the Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the extrinsic muscles of the hand

A

Anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm

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2
Q

What is the action of extrinsic muscles of the hand

A

Control crude movements and produce a forceful grip

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3
Q

Where are the intrinsic muscles of the hand

A

Within the hand itself

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4
Q

What do the intrinsic muscles of the hand do

A

Responsible for fine motor function of the hand

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5
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the hand

A 
Adductor pollicis
Palmaris brevis
Interossei
Lumbricals
Thenar muscles
Hypothenar muscles
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6
Q

Which muscles make up the thenar muscles

A

Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

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7
Q

Which nerve innervates the thenar muscles

A

Median nerve

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8
Q

Which is the largest of the thenar muscles

A

Opponens pollicis

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9
Q

Where does opponens pollicis lie

A

Beneath abductor pollicis brevis and flexor pollicis brevis

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10
Q

Where does opponens pollicis originate

A

Tubercle of trapezium

Associated flexor retinaculum

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11
Q

Where does opponens pollicis insert

A

Lateral margin of the metacarpal of the thumb

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12
Q

What is the action of opponens pollicis

A

Opposes the thumb

Medially rotating and flexing metacarpal on trapezium

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13
Q

Which nerve innervates opponens pollicis

A

Median nerve

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14
Q

Where is abductor pollicis brevis

A

Anterior to opponens pollicis

Proximal to flexor pollicis brevis

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15
Q

Where does abductor pollicis brevis originate

A

Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

Associated flexor retinaculum

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16
Q

Where does abductor pollicis brevis insert

A

Lateral side of proximal phalanx of the thumb

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17
Q

What is the action of abductor pollicis brevis

A

Abducts the thumb

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18
Q

Which nerve innervates abductor pollicis brevis

A

Median nerve

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19
Q

Which is the most distal of the thenar muscles

A

Flexor pollicis brevis

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20
Q

Where does flexor pollicis brevis originate

A

Tubercle of the trapezium

Associated flexor retinaculum

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21
Q

Where does flexor pollicis brevis insert

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

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22
Q

What is the action of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexes MCPJ of the thumb

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23
Q

Which nerve innervates flexor pollicis brevis

A

Median nerve

Deep head is innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve

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24
Q

Which are the hypothenar muscles

A

Opponens digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

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25
Q

Which nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles

A

Ulnar nerve

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26
Q

Which hypothenar muscles lies deepest

A

Opponens digiti minimi

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27
Q

Where does opponens digiti minimi originate

A

Hook of hamate

Associated flexor retinaculum

28
Q

Where does opponens digiti minimi insert

A

Medial margin of metacarpal V

29
Q

What is the action of opponens digiti minimi

A

Rotates metacarpal of little finger towards the palm

30
Q

Which nerve innervates opponens digiti minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

31
Q

Which is the most superficial of the hypothenar muscles

A

Abductor digiti minimi

32
Q

Where does abductor digiti minimi originate

A

Pisiform

Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

33
Q

Where does abductor digiti minimi insert

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

34
Q

What is the action of abductor digiti minimi

A

Abducts the little finger

35
Q

Which nerve innervates abductor digiti minimi

A

Ulnar nerve

36
Q

Where does flexor digiti minimi brevis lie

A

Laterally to abductor digiti minimi

37
Q

Where does flexor digiti minimi brevis originate

A

Hook of hamate

Adjacent flexor retinaculum

38
Q

Where does flexor digiti minimi brevis insert

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

39
Q

What is the action of flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Flexes MCP joint of the little finger

40
Q

Which nerve innervates flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Ulnar nerve

41
Q

How many lumbricals are there in each hand

A

4 - link extensor tendons to flexor tendons

42
Q

Where do the lumbricals originate

A

Each lumbrical originates from a tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus

43
Q

Where do the lumbricals insert

A

Pass dorsally and laterally around each finger and inserts into extensor hood

44
Q

What is the action of the lumbricals

A

Flex at the MCP joint

Extend at the interphalangeal joints

45
Q

Which nerve innervates the lateral two lumbricals

A

Median nerve

46
Q

Which nerve innervates the medial two lumbricals

A

Ulnar nerve

47
Q

How many dorsal interossei muscles are there

A

4

48
Q

Where do the dorsal interossei originate

A

Each interossei originates from the lateral and medial surfaces of the metacarpals

49
Q

Where do the dorsal interossei insert

A

Extensor hood and proximal phalanx of each finger

50
Q

What is the action of the dorsal interossei

A

Abduct the fingers at MCPJ

51
Q

Which nerve innervates dorsal interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

52
Q

Where do palmar interossei lie

A

Anteriorly

53
Q

How many palmar interossei are there

A

3

54
Q

Where do palmar interossei originate

A

Each interossei originates from a medial or lateral surface of a metacarpal

55
Q

Where do palmar interossei insert

A

Extensor hood

Proximal phalanx of same finger

56
Q

What is the action of palmar interossei

A

Adducts fingers at MCPJ

57
Q

Which nerve innervates palmar interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

58
Q

Where is palmaris brevis

A

Found superficially in subcutaneous tissue of hypothenar eminence

59
Q

Where does palmaris brevis originate

A

Palmar aponeurosis

Flexor retinaculum

60
Q

Where does palmaris brevis insert

A

Dermis of the skin on medial margin of hand

61
Q

What is the action of palmaris brevis

A

Wrinkles skin of hypothenar eminence

Deepens curvature of hand, improving grip

62
Q

Which nerve innervates palmaris brevis

A

Ulnar nerve

63
Q

What passes between the two heads of adductor pollicis

A

Radial artery

64
Q

Where does adductor pollicis originate

A

Two heads:-
Metacarpal III
Capitate and adjacent areas of metacarpals II and III

65
Q

Where does adductor pollicis insert

A

Base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

66
Q

What is the action of adductor pollicis

A

Adduction of the thumb

67
Q

Which nerve innervates adductor pollicis

A

Ulnar nerve

MRCS Anatomy - Upper Limb (33 decks)

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