Muscles of the Face and Neck Flashcards
main muscles of the face and neck and their action/location
define skeletal muscle
voluntary striated muscle attached to 1 or more bones
list the 5 physiological characteristics of muscles
- Irritability
- Contractility
- Elasticity
- Conductivity
- Extensibility
orbicularis oculi
location: brow bone & directly under eye (surrounds eye socket)
action:
- closure of eyelids
- draws lacrimal sac onto eye
- blinking, winking, squinting
levator palpebrae superioris
location: upper eyelid
action:
- raises upper eyelid
- voluntarily opens eye
corrugator supercilii
location: muscle between front of eyebrow and upper nose bridge
action:
- draws eyebrows medially & inferiorly
- wrinkles skin of the forehead vertically, e.g. frowning, worry, deep thought
procerus
location: covers upper nose bridge
action:
- draws down medial angles of eyebrows
- produces transverse wrinkles across bridge of nose
orbicularis oris
location: muscle surrounding top and bottom lip
action:
- closes and protrudes lips
- compresses lips against teeth
- aka “kissing muscle”
nasalis
location: covers nostrils
action:
-flares nostrils
levator labii superioris
location: directly beneath eye socket and inserts into orbicularis oris of top lip
action:
- elevates the upper lip
levator anguli oris
location: upper smile line
action:
- elevates corners of mouth (smiling)
zygomaticus major and minor
location: zygomatic bone (apple of cheeks)
action:
- draws angle of the mouth outward and upward
- elevates the lip as in laughing
risorius
location: lower lateral portion of the cheek directly behind corners of the mouth
action:
- draws angle of the mouth out and back (laterally)
depressor labii inferioris
location: between bottom lip and jaw in chin area
action:
- draws lower lip inferiorly and laterally (during mastication)
- produces pouting expression
depressor anguli oris
location: lower smile line
action:
- draws angle of mouth downward and laterally
- think “tragedy mask” expression
mentalis
location: chin
action:
- elevates and protrudes lower lip
- wrinkles the skin of the chin
frontalis
location: forehead
action:
- draws back scalp
- aids in wrinkling forehead
- involved in headaches
list the 3 muscles of mastication
- Buccinator
- Temporalis
- Masseter
buccinator
location: lower portion of cheek
action:
- draws corner of mouth laterally, compresses cheek
- suckng, blowing, whistling, chewing
temporalis
location: temples
action:
- elevates and retracts mandible
- side to side movement of mandible
- elevates and stabilizes the jaw
masseter
location: lower jaw muscle behind teeth
action:
- elevates mandible and slightly protracts it
- clenching teeth
platysma
location: main muscle of the neck
action: draws down lower jaw and lips
sternocleidomastoid
location: protruding muscles on lateral portions of neck
action: bends neck up and down, rotates head to opposite side
define irritability
- aka “excitability”, “responsiveness”
- the property of receiving and responding to stimuli
- contraction of muscles is stimulated by light, heat, chemical pressure, electricity, etc.
define contractility/contractibility
the property that enables muscles to change shape i.e., become shorter and thicker (contract)
