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MSK exam 3 AP lower limb > Muscles of the anterior and medial femoral compartments > Flashcards

Muscles of the anterior and medial femoral compartments Flashcards

1
Q

psoas major origin and insertion

A

O anterior surfaces of bodies and transverse processes of last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae

I lesser trochanter

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2
Q

what is origin of the iliacus

A

iliac fossa

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2
Q

iliopsoas

A

**consists of psoas major and iliacus

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3
Q

what is the action of the iliopsoas muscles

A

flexes

laterally rotates thigh

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3
Q

what is the psoas major innervated by

A

ventral rami of spinal nerves L 1 2 3

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3
Q

innervation of psoas major

A

ventral rami spinal nerves L1,2,3

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4
Q

what is the iliacus innervated by

A

femoral n (L2, L3)

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4
Q

action of psoas major

A

flexes and laterally rotates thigh

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5
Q

what is the insertion of the sartorius

A

medial tibia below condyle with gracilis and semitendinosus muscles at pes anserinus

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6
Q

action of the sartorius

A

flexes leg and rotates it medially

flexes thigh and rotates laterally

abducts lower limb when knee is locked

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6
Q

what makes up the pes anserinus

A

graciliis
semitendinosus
and sartorius

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6
Q

action of iliacus

A

flexion and lateral rotation of thigh

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6
Q

innervation of iliacus

A

femoral nerve-L2,3

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7
Q

what innervates the sartorius

A

femoral nerve

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8
Q

what makes up the quads?

A 
rectus femoris 
vastus lateralis 
vastus medialis
vastus intermedias 
articularis genu
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9
Q

what component of the quads crosses both hip and knee joint>

A

rectus femoris

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9
Q

what is the origin of the two heads of the rectus femoris

A

straight head ASIS

reflected head superior brim of acetabulum

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9
Q

innervation of sartorious

A

femoral nerve

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9
Q

muscles of quadriceps femoris?

A

rectus femorisvastus lateralisvastus medialisvastus intermedialis

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10
Q

what is the insertion of the rectus femoris

A

superior surface of the patella

to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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10
Q

what is the action of the rectus femoris

remember it crosses two joints

A

flex thigh

extension of leg (knee goes straight)

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10
Q

action of rectus femoris?

A

flexion of thighextension of leg

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11
Q

what innervates the quads

A

femoral nerve

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11
Q

innervation of rectus femoris

A

femoral nerve

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12
Q

which quad is bipennate

A

rectus femoris

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13
Q

which quad is responsible for maintaining normal patellar tracking

A

vastus medialis

13
Q

which quad has an effect on synovial lining of the knee

A

articularis genu (deepest portion of vastus intermedius)

prevents the synovial membrane from becoming trapped between patella and femur when leg is extended

13
Q

what is the action of the vastus lateralis

A

extension of the leg

13
Q

attachment of iliacus

A

origin: iliac fossa
insertion: with psoas major to lesser trochanter

13
Q

innervation of vastus medialis

A

femoral nerve

13
Q

action of vastus intermedius

A

extension of leg

13
Q

innervation of vastus intermedius

A

femoral nerve

13
Q

innervation of articularis genu

A

femoral nerve

13
Q

muscles of medial femoral compartment?

A

pectinusadductor longusadductor brevisadductor magnusgracilisobturator externus

15
Q

anterior femoral muscles?

A 
psoas major
iliacus
sartorius
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius

vastus medialis
articular genu

16
Q

action of adductor longus?

A

adduction, flexion, assists in rotation of thigh

17
Q

attachments of pectinus?

A

origin :superior pubic ramus (pectineal line of pubis)

insertion: posterior femur below lesser trochanter (pectineal line of femur)

18
Q

innervation of pectineus?

A

femoral nerve, obturator nerve, or both

accessory obturator nerve when present

19
Q

innervation of adductor longus?

A

obturator nerve (anterior division)

21
Q

action of adductor brevis?

A

adduction, flexion, assists in rotation of thigh

22
Q

attachments of rectus femoris?

A

origin:
straight head - AIIS
reflected head - superior brim of acetabulum

insertion:superior surface of patella;
to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

25
Q

attachments of vastus lateralis

A

origin: anterolateral surface of most of femur
insertion: lateral border of patella; to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

26
Q

attachments of gracilis?

A

origin:inferior pubic ramus near symphysisinsertion:medial surface of tibia below condyle with sartorious and semitendinosus at pes anserinus

27
Q

action of gracilis?

A

adducts thighflexes and medially rotates leg

28
Q

attachments of vastus medialis

A

origin: anteromedial surface of most of femur
insertion: medial border of patella; to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

29
Q

innervation of gracilis?

A

obturator nerve (anterior)

31
Q

action of obturator externus?

A

lateral rotation of thigh

32
Q

attachments of vastus intermedius

A

origin: most of anterior surface of femur
insertion: deep surface of tendon of rectus femoris and other vastus muscles via aponeurosis

33
Q

innervation of obturator externus?

A

obturator nerve (posterior division)

34
Q

what attaches at pes anserinus?

A

gracilis, sartorius, semitendinosus

35
Q

attachments of articularis genu

A

origin: lower anterior surface of femu
rinsertion: upper portion of synovial membrane of knee joint

38
Q

anterior femoral muscles?

A 
psoas majo
riliacus
sartorius
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius

vastus medialis
articular genu

40
Q

attachments of pectinus?

A

origin: superior pubic ramus
insertion: posterior femur below lesser trochanter (pectineal line of femur)

43
Q

attachments of adductor longus?

A

origin: front of body of pubis
insertion: middle portion of medial lip of linea aspera

46
Q

attachments of adductor brevis?

A

origin: inferior pubic ramus
insertion: upper one half of medial lip of linea aspera

50
Q

action of adductor magnus?

A

entire muscle adducts thigh

proximal - adducts and flexes, assists in rotation

distal - adducts and extends, assists in rotation

51
Q

innervation of adductor magnus?

A

proximal - obturator nerve (posterior division)

distal - tibial nerve

58
Q

attachments of obturator externus?

A

origin: outer surface of obturator membrane and outer margins of obturator foramen
insertion: trochanteric fossa

59
Q

how has the understanding of the iliopsoas muscle led to doing crunches instead of straight leg sit ups?
what is the result of overruse of this muscle

A

because this muscle is working when you have your feet on the ground in a straight leg sit up

whereas if you do a crunch you are more working your abdominal muscles

60
Q

what does it mean if a patient has pain when they arise from a sitting position

A

probably an injury to the iliopsoas or overuse

61
Q

what medial femoral muscle functions both as an adductor and as a hamstring muscle?

A

the adductor magnus

62
Q

which adductor muscle has an opening which provides access to vascular structures to pass from the anterior femoral compartment to the popliteal fossa?

A

adductor magnus

adductor hiatus is what it is called
and the membrane itself is called the vasoadductor membrane

63
Q

which medial femoral muscle has an action both at the hip and the knee?

A

gracilis

adducts the thigh

flexes and medially rotates the leg

MSK exam 3 AP lower limb (15 decks)

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