Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

Question 1

Abdominal muscles form the abdominal wall that protects and supports the…

Answer 1

Abdominal Viscera

Question 2

What actions to the abdominal muscles have on the trunk?

Answer 2

They flex and rotate it

Question 3

What do they do to the abdomen in forced expiration?”

Answer 3

Compress the abdomen

Question 4

Contraction of the abdominal musculature when _____ is closed greatly increases intra abdominal pressure. This structure lets air out of your lungs

Answer 4

Glottis

Question 5

Increased pressure caused by the closed glottis that is necessary for urination, defecation, childbirth, coughing, vomiting, etc.

Answer 5

Valsalva Manuver

Question 6

When abdominal pressure is greatly increased, what can result?

Answer 6

Hernia

Question 7

Provides the attachment of lateral musculature of the abdomen

Answer 7

Rectus Sheath

Question 8

What are the three horizontal, or oblique, abdominal muscles

Answer 8

External abdominal oblique
Internal abdominal oblique
Tranverse abdominal

Question 9

The vertical abdominal muscle

Answer 9

Rectus abdominis

Question 10

The very small triangular abdominal muscle

Answer 10

Pyramidalis

Question 11

What structure separates the rectus abdominis longitudinally?

Answer 11

Linea alba

Question 12

The structure that covers the rectus abdominis anteriorly and posteriorly

Answer 12

Rectus Sheath

Question 13

3 or more transverse lines that separate the rectus abdominis to form a 6 pack

Answer 13

Tendinous Intersections

Question 14

Origin and insertion of the rectus abdominis

Answer 14

Origin: Pubic Crest

Insertion: Zyphoid process of sternum and costal cartilage of ribs 5-7

Question 15

Innervation (segmentally)

Answer 15

Intercostal Nerves

Question 16

What is the action of the rectus abdominis?

Answer 16

Flexes lumbar region of vertebral column or flex the trunk

Question 17

Most superficial of the 3 oblique horizontal abdominal muscles

Answer 17

External oblique

Question 18

The inferior edge of the external oblique forms the

Answer 18

Inguinal Ligament

Question 19

The medial edge of the inguinal ligament where there is an opening is the

Answer 19

Superficial inguinal ring

Question 20

Origin and insertion of the external oblique

Answer 20

Origin: Lower 8 ribs

Inserts: Linea alba via

Question 21

Innervation of the external oblique (segmentally)

Answer 21

Intercostal nerves

Question 22

Action of the external oblique

Answer 22

Compresses the abdomen and flexes and roatates the trunk to the opposite side

Question 23

The intermediate layer of the 3 flat muscles of the abdomen

Answer 23

Internal oblique

Question 24

Origin and insertion of the internal oblique

Answer 24

Lumbodorsal fascia, Iliac crest, Lateral inguinal ligament

Insertion: Linea albea, last 3 ribs, pubic crest

Question 25

innervation of the internal oblique

Answer 25

Intercostal nerves

Question 26

Action

Answer 26

Compress abdomen
Rotates trunk
Flexes Trunk to the same side

Question 27

The inner most layer of the 3 flat muscles of the abdomen

Answer 27

Transverse abdominis

Question 28

Origin and insertion of the transverse abdominis

Answer 28

Origin: Inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia, cartiliage of last 6 ribs, iliac crest

Insertion: Linea alba and pubic crest

Question 29

Innervation of the transverse abdominis

Answer 29

Intercostal nerves

Question 30

Action of the transverse abdominis

Answer 30

Compress the abdomen and abdominal contents

Question 31

Review how the 3 flat muscles insert into linea alba by way of anterior and aponeurosis. Pictures are good

Answer 31

!!

Question 32

A protrusion of some visceral structure through a normal or abnormal opening in the abdominal wall (like small intestine)

Answer 32

Inguinal hernias

Question 33

90% of abdominal hernias in the ___ region

Answer 33

Inguinal (Duh)

Question 34

75% are called indirect or ____ hernias that occur through the superficial inguinal ring to pass into scrotum OR labium majora

Answer 34

Congenital

Question 35

Inguinal hernias are 20x more common in men. Why?

Answer 35

Because the spermatic chord also passes through the superficial inguinal ring, making it more accessible

Question 36

This type of hernia occurs through a weak spot in the abdominal wall

Answer 36

Direct hernia