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KN 251 Unit 3 > Anterior and Medial Thigh Muscles > Flashcards

Anterior and Medial Thigh Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Remember! The gluteal region and muscles on the anterior side of pelvis attach what to what?

A

Lower extremity to the pelvic girdle

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2
Q

Components of the lower extremity

A

Thigh, Leg, Foot

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3
Q

Component of LE from hip to the knee

A

Thigh

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4
Q

Component of LE from knee to ankle

A

Leg

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5
Q

Component of LE distal to the ankle

A

Foot

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6
Q

In embryological development of the limb buds of the upper and lower extremities, the limb buds grow with which side facing up and which side facing down?

A

Dorsal side facing up

Ventral side facing down

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7
Q

What happens to the upper limbs?

A

They rotate 90 degrees,

Upper limbs rotate 90 degrees laterally
Lower limbs rotate 90 degrees medially

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8
Q

What effect does the location of elbow and knee facing posteriorly and anteriorly affect upper and lower limbs?

A

Anterior side of leg are extensors

Anterior side of thigh extend the knee

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9
Q

Name the two muscles that originate on the pelvis and cross the hip joint

A

Iliopsoas

Sartorius

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10
Q

The muscle composed of the iliacus and the psoas major

A

Iliopsoas

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11
Q

Primary action of the iliopsoas

A

Flexor of the thigh or trunk

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12
Q

Origin and insertion of iliopsoas

A

Origin: Iliac fossa, Tranverse processes and bodies of T12 and Lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: Lesser trochanter

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13
Q

Another important action of the iliopsoas

A

Bending trunk anteriorly or laterally with both feet on ground

Postural muscle too

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14
Q

The iliopsoas passes deep to the

A

inguinal ligament

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15
Q

innervation of the iliopsoas

A

Femoral nerve

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16
Q

Originates

A

Tranverse processes and bodies of T12 and Lumbar vertabrae

Insertion: Lesser trochaneter of femur

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17
Q

Innervation of psoas minor

A

Ventral rami of L1, L2, and L3.

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18
Q

Action of psoas minor

A

Flex the thigh and the trunk

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19
Q

Psoas minor is absent on 40% of the population, and can be absent on one side

A

Cool!

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20
Q

Origin and insertion of the sartorius

A

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Upper medial tibia to form pes anserinus

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21
Q

What is the longest muscle of the body? It crosses two joints

A

Sartorius

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22
Q

Actions of the sartorius

A

Flex hip and leg flex the knee

Abduct rotate the thigh laterally

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23
Q

What motion is produced by all of the actions of sartorius combined?

A

Crossed-leg

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24
Q

Innervation of the sartorius

A

Femoral Nerve

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25
Q

Name the 3 compartments of the thigh

A

Anterior
Medial
Posterior

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26
Q

Each compartment of the thigh is separated by fascial walls formed by the deep fascia of the thigh, deemed

A

Fascia Lata

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27
Q

Muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh

A 
Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius
Tensor Fascia Latae
Articularis Genu
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28
Q

Actions of the anterior thigh muscles

A

Flex hip and extend the leg

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29
Q

4 muscles of the quadriceps

A

Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius

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30
Q

Where do they unite and form?

A

Quadriceps Tendon

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31
Q

What does the quadriceps contain?

A

Patella

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32
Q

The ligament from patella to tibial tuberosity is…

A

Patellar ligament

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33
Q

All muscles of the quadriceps are innervated by

A

femoral nerve

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34
Q

The kicking muscle that extends the leg and crosses the hip joint so it can flex the thigh

A

Rectus Femoris

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35
Q

Origin and insertion of the rectus femoris

A

Origin: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine and rim of acetabulum

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

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36
Q

Action

A

Extend knee and flex the thigh

37
Q

Group of muscles that cover the anterior surface of the femur

A

Vastus muscles

38
Q

Largest component of the quads that is on the lateral side of the thigh

A

Vastus Lateralis

39
Q

Origin and insertion of vastus lateralis

A

Greater Trochanter, Intertrochanteric line, linea aspera

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

40
Q

Action of the vastus lateralis

A

Extend the leg

41
Q

Muscle that covers the medial surface of the femur and forms a tear drop bulge just above the knee when leg is extended

A

Vastus medialis

42
Q

Origin and insertion of the vastus medialis

A

Origin: Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

43
Q

Action of the vastus medialis

A

Extends the knee

44
Q

Muscle that lies deep to rectus femoris , looks very tendonous and not muscular

A

Vastus Intermedius

45
Q

Small muscle that lies deep to vastus intermedius is small muscle above knee and pulls the synovial membrane out of knee joint on extension

A

Articularis Genu

46
Q

Origin and insertion of vastus intermedius

A

Origin: Anterior and lateral surfaces of femur

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

47
Q

Action of the vastus intermedius

A

Extend the knee

48
Q

Again, the anterior compartment innervated by the..

A

Femoral nerve

49
Q

Most important action of anterior compartment is

A

extend the leg

50
Q

Muscle on lateral side of the hip and upper thigh

A

Tensor Fascia Latae

51
Q

Runners often have inflammation and tenderness in the…called runner’s knee.

A

Iliotibial band/tract

52
Q

Main action of tensor fascia latae

A

Flexor of the thigh with iliopsoas

Medially rotates abducted thigh

Supports femur on the tibia when standing

53
Q

Origin and insertion of tensor fascia latae

A

Origin: Anterior aspect of iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: via IT band into lateral condyle of the tibia (Gerdy’s Tubercle)

54
Q

Innervation of the tensor fascia latae

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve

55
Q

Name the 5 muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh

A 
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Pectineus
Gracilis
56
Q

Name the primary action of the medial compartment

A

Adduction of the thigh

57
Q

What other purpose to the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh serve?

A

Stabilize thigh during flexion/extension

58
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh

A

Obturator nerve

59
Q

This is the largest adductor muscle and most deeply placed.

A

Adductor magnus

60
Q

Innervation of the adductor magnus (2 of them)

A

Obturator nerve and tibial nerve

61
Q

Origin and insertion of the adductor magnus (oblique and triangular portion)

A

Origin: Ischial ramus and inferior pubic ramus

Insertion: Linea aspera

62
Q

Origin and insertion of vertical and medial fibers of adductor magnus

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Adductor tubercle

63
Q

Which nerve innervates oblique portion of adductor magnus

What about the vertically placed fibers

A

Obturator nerve

Tibial nerve

64
Q

The action of the oblique portion of adductor magnus

The action of the vertical portion of adductor magnus

A

Adduction and stabilizing thigh during flexion and extension

Extending the thigh

65
Q

Most anteriorly placed muscle in adductor group

A

Adductor longus

66
Q

Origin and insertion of adductor longus

A

Origin: Pubis close to pubic symphysis

Insertion: Linea aspera of femur

67
Q

Innervation of adductor longus

A

Obturator nerve

68
Q

Action of adductor longus (3)

A

Adduct the thigh, flex the thigh, and stabilize thigh during gait.

69
Q

Muscle that lies deep to adductor longus, thinner and smaller than adductor longus

A

Adductor brevis

70
Q

Origin and insertion of the adductor brevis

A

Origin: Body and inferior ramus of the pubis

Insertion: Linea aspera

71
Q

Innervation of the adductor brevis

A

Obturator Nerve

72
Q

Action

A

Adduct thigh, flex thigh, stabilize thigh during gait

73
Q

Anterior part of obturator nerve division lies superficially to adductor brevis, posterior part of obturator nerve division lies on behind or posterior to adductor brevis

A

!

74
Q

Triangular muscle of the thigh that lies anteriorly, slightly medially. Lateral to adductor longus and medial to iliopsoas

A

Pectineus

75
Q

Action

A

Flex thigh or adduct thigh, medial rotation

76
Q

Innervation of the pectineus

A

Femoral nerve, sometimes obturator

77
Q

Origin and insertion of the pectineus

A

Origin: Pectineal line of superior ramus of pubis

Insertion: Pectineal line, inferior to lesser trochanter

78
Q

Long thin muscle of medial compartment of thigh that is the only adductor that crosses the knee joint

A

Gracilis

79
Q

Actions of the gracilis

A

Adduction of thigh and flexion and medial rotation of the knee

80
Q

Origin and Insertion of the gracilis

A

Origin: Inferior ramus of the pubis and body of the pubis

Insertion: Tibia (medial condyle - pes anserinus)

81
Q

Innervation of the gracilis

A

Obturator nerve

82
Q

What are the three tendons that insert on the medial condyle of the tibia?

What muscles do the tendons come from

A

Pes anserinus

Sartorius, Gracilis, Semitendonosis

83
Q

What is the purpose of the adductor canal?

A

Allows the femoral artery to pass to posterior side of the knee

84
Q

An area on the anterior surface of the thigh that is a triangle

A

Femoral Triangle

85
Q

What forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle?

The medial border?

The superior border?

A

Sartorius - Lateral border

Adductor longus - Medial border

Inguinal Ligament - Superior Border

86
Q

What forms the floor, or the posterior wall of the femoral triangle?

A

Pectineus, Iliopsoas, adductor longus

87
Q

What runs through the femoral triangle?

A

Femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein lie inside the triangle

88
Q

NAVEL

A

(Nerve Artery Vein) Emptyspace Lymphnodes

KN 251 Unit 3 (11 decks)

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