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KN 251 Unit 3 > Deep Back Muscles > Flashcards

Deep Back Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the back that produce and control limb movements

A

Superficial muscles of the back

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2
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the back involved in producing respiratory movement

A

Intermediate muscles

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3
Q

The intrinsic muscles of the back, muscles that specifically act on the vertebral column, producing its movements and maintaining posture

A

Deep muscles

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4
Q

Describe the terms extrinsic vs. intrinsic in terms of the muscles of the back

A

Extrinsic don’t belong to back itself, they originate from outside the back and act on the back

Intrinsic muscles are belonging to or originating in the back itself specifically acting on the vertebral column to produce movements and maintain posture

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5
Q

The two purposes of the superficial (extrinsic) back muscles

A

Connect upper limb to the trunk

Control limb movement

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6
Q

The superficial (extrinsic) back muscles are innervated by nerves formed from

A

Ventral rami

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7
Q

Name the superficial back muscles

A

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Levator scapulae
Rhomboids

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8
Q

Intermediate (extrinsic) back muscle that lies deep to the rhomboids extends from spines of vertebral column to ribs 2-5

A

Serratus Posterior Superior

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9
Q

Intermediate (extrinsic) back muscle that lies deep to the latissimus dorsi extends upward from lower thoracic and upper lumbar spines to ribs 9-12

A

Serratus posterior inferior

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10
Q

Origin and insertion of serratus posterior superior

A

Origin: Spines of vertebral column to

Insertion: ribs 2-5

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11
Q

Origin and insertion of serratus posterior inferior

A

Origin: Lower thoracic and upper lumbar spines

Insertion: Ribs 9-12

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12
Q

These two muscles can hypertrophy when respiration is difficult and may have function in respiratory movement

A

Serratus Posterior Superior and Serratus Posterior Inferior

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13
Q

Innervation of the serratus posterior inferior and serratus posterior superior

A

Intercostal nerves from ventral rami of spinal nerves

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14
Q

Group of muscles of the back that maintain posture and control movement of the vertebral column, they extend from the skull to the pelvis

A

Deep (intrinsic) muscles of the back

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15
Q

The three groups of the deep back muscles

A

Superficial intrinsic layer
Intermediate intrinsic layer
Deep Instrinsic Layer

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16
Q

All of the deep muscles of the back are innervated by…

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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17
Q

Innervates all of the other muscles in the body wall and in the extremity, and is therefore much larger

A

Ventral rami of spinal nerves

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18
Q

Layer consisting of splenius capitis and cervicis

A

Superficial Intrinsic Layer

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19
Q

What are the actions of the splenius capitis and the splenius cervicis?

A

Extend the head and neck if contracted bilaterally

Pull the head and neck to the same side unilaterally

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20
Q

Origin of the splenius cervicis

A

Origin: Ligamentum Nucae and spinous process C7-T6

Insertion: Transverse processes of C1-C4

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21
Q

Origin of the splenius capitis

A

Ligamentum Nucae and spinous process C7-T6

Insertion: Mastoid process (upper portion) and partially occipital bone

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22
Q

Group of muscles of the back called the erector spinae that extends from the pelvis to the skull and fills the space in between the spinous processes and the angle of the ribs

A

Intermediate Intrinsic Layer

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23
Q

Extend from sacrum of iliac crest all the way to the back of the head

A

Erector Spinae

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24
Q

3 divisions of the erector spinae arranged longitudinally running parallel to one another (lateral to medial) (I love spaghetti!)

A

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

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25
Q

Important action of the erector spinae

A

Maintaining posture

26
Q

When muscles on both side contract, what occurs?

What about when one side contracts?

A

Straighten back and pull head posteriorly

Flex vertebral column so body turns to same side and turn chin to same side

27
Q

Most lateral part of the erector spinae column

A

Iliocostalis

28
Q

Origins of the iliocostalis (lumborum, thoracic, and cervicis portion)

Insertion of iliocostalis

A

Origins: Iliac crest
Inferior six ribs
Ribs 3-6

Insertion: Angle of the ribs (lumborum and thoracis)
Transverse processes of C6-C4 for cervical portion (cervicis)

29
Q

Innervation of the iliocostalis

A

Dorsal spinal nerves

30
Q

Action of the iliocostalis

A

Extend vertebral column or bend to one side if acting ipsilaterally (lateral flexion)

31
Q

What is the intermediate column of the erector spinae (largest?

A

Longissimus

32
Q

Origin and insertion of the longissimus

A

Origin: Transverse processes of lumbrical and cervical vertebrae

Insertion:Transverse processes of thoracic and cervical vertebrae, mastoid process

33
Q

Innervation of longissimus

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

34
Q

Thoracis and cervicis portions acting together have what action?’

What about acting individually?

A

Extend vertebral

Bend it laterally to that side (lateral flexion)

35
Q

Action of the capitis when working together

When working individually

A

Extend the head

Turn face to the same side (ipsillaterally)

36
Q

Most medial columnof the erector spinae

A

Spinalis

37
Q

What is the action of the spinalis?

A

Extends vertebral column and head

38
Q

Origin and insertion of the spinalis

A

Spinous process of lumbar and lower thoracic

Spinous process of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae

39
Q

Innervation of the spinalis

A

Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves

40
Q

Action of the spinalis

A

Extend vertebral column and possibly head

41
Q

The term for where the origin of many muscles of erector spinae group is

A

thoracolumbar/thoracodorsal fascia

42
Q

Deepest group of the deep muscles of the back

A

Transversospinal Group

43
Q

name the 3 type of muscles in the transversospinal group

A

Semispinalis
Multifidus
Rotatores

44
Q

Muscles that extend from transverse process to a spinous process and cross approximately 6 vertebrae

A

Semispinalis

45
Q

Muscles that extend in same direction as semispinalis but only cross 4 vertebrae

A

Multifidus

46
Q

Extend from transverse proccess and cross one or two vertebrae to extend to spinous process or lamina immediately above

A

Rotatores

47
Q

Origin and insertion of the semispinalis

A

Origin: Cervical and thoracic transverse processes

Insertion: Occipital Bone

48
Q

Origin and insertion of the semispinalis in the thoracic and cervical regions

A

Origin: Tranverse processes

Insertion: Spinous processes 6 vertebrae higher

49
Q

Where does the semispinalis capitis portion ascend to?

A

The head

50
Q

Origin and insertion of the multifidus

A

Origin: Transverse Processes

Insertion: Spinous processes

51
Q

Actions of the multifidus when acting together and alone

A

Together: Extend vertebral column

Alone: Rotate body to opposite side

52
Q

Origin and insertion of rotatores

A

Origin: Tranverse process

Insertion: Vertebrae above or one higher

53
Q

Action of all the transversospinal when acting alone and together

A

Extend vertebral column

Rotate body to opposite side

54
Q

Not a real back muscle that is located on the posterior abdominal wall.

Fills in the space from the 12th rib and iliac crest

A

Quadratus Lumborum

55
Q

Origin and insertion of quadratus lumborum

A

Origin: Iliac Crest

Inserts: Transverse processes of upper lumbars and margin of 12th rib

56
Q

Innervation of the quadratus lumborum

A

Ventral Rami, from T12 and L1-4

57
Q

Action of quadratum lumborum acting together and alone

A

Extend vertebral column

Bend body to that side

Forceful respiration by holding 12th rib in space and expanding thoracic cavity

58
Q

In sum, which of the three layers in the back connect and move the upper limb?

A

Superficial

59
Q

Which layer aids in respiration?

A

Intermediate

60
Q

Which moves the vertebral column and maintains posture?

A

Deep

KN 251 Unit 3 (11 decks)

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