muscles of head and neck

Question 1

frontal belly of occipitofrontalis

Answer 1

N: terminal branches of facial nerve, temporal branch
A: elevate eyebrows, wrinkle forehead

Question 2

occipital belly of occipitofrontalis

Answer 2

N: terminal branches of facial neve, temporal branch
A: draw scalp back

Question 3

orbicularis oculi

Answer 3

N: terminal branches of facial nerve, mostly zygomatic branch
A: close eyelids. paplpebral part does blinking, orbital is more forceful

Question 4

orbicularis oris

Answer 4

N: terminal branches of facial nerve, mostly mandibular branch
A: close lips; pull lips toward teeth or pucker up

Question 5

buccinator

Answer 5

N: terminal branches of facial nerve, buccal branch
A: presses cheek against tooth to keep food in mouth

Question 6

platysma

Answer 6

N: terminal branches of facial nerve, cervial branch
A: pulls mouth out and down; can wrinkle the skin of neck

Question 7

levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 7

N: occulomotor and a little Sy
A: raises upper eyelid

Question 8

tensor veli palatini

Answer 8

N: Mandibular division of trigeminal
A: tenses soft palate; opens auditory tube during swallowing and or yawning to equalize pressure

Question 9

superior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 9

N: pharyngeal plexus of vagus
A: constricts upper pharynx during swallowing

Question 10

middle pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 10

N: pharyngeal plexus of the vagus
A: constricts the wall of the pharynx during swallowing

Question 11

inferior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 11

N: pharyngeal plexus of the vagus
A: constricts the wall of the lower pharynx

Question 12

stylopharyngeus

Answer 12

N: glossopharyngeal (IX)
A: elevates pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking

Question 13

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 13

N: accessory nerve (CN XI and C2-3)
A: tilts, flexes, and rotates the head/neck

Question 14

temporalis

Answer 14

N: mandibular division of trigeminal
A: elevate and retract mandible

Question 15

masseter

Answer 15

N: mandibular division of trigeminal
A: elevates mandible

Question 16

medial pterygoid

Answer 16

N: mandibular division of trigeminal
A: elevates mandible; protrudes mandible to opposite side with help from laterial pterygoid on same side

Question 17

lateral pterygoid

Answer 17

N: mandibular division of trigeminal
A: oens mouth; protrudes mandible to opposite side with help from laterial pterygoid on same side

Question 18

mylohyoid

Answer 18

N: nerve to mylohyoid from the mandibular div. of trigeminal
A: elevates hyoid, raises floor of mouth during swallowing etc.

Question 19

geniohyoid

Answer 19

N: C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
A: elevates and pulls hyoid forward; helps depress mandible

Question 20

genioglossus

Answer 20

N: hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
A: depress, protrude tongue

Question 21

hyoglossus

Answer 21

N: hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
A: depresses, retracts tongue

Question 22

styloglossus

Answer 22

N: hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
A: retracts tongue and pulls it up during swallowing

Question 23

levator veli palatini

Answer 23

N: vagus nerve
A: elevates soft palate during swallowing and yawning

Question 24

sternothyroid

Answer 24

N: C2-3 from ansa cervicalis
A: depresses larynx after it has been elevated for swallowing

Question 25

omohyoid

Answer 25

N: C1-3 from ansa cervicalis A: depresses hyoid after it has been elevate; retracts and steadies hyoid

Question 26

thyrohyoid

Answer 26

N: C1 via hypoglossal n. (CN XII) A: depresses hyoid and draws the thyroid cartilage superiorly

Question 27

cricothyroid

Answer 27

N: external branch of superior laryngeal nerve from vagus A: stretches and tenses the vocal cords

Question 28

stylohyoid

Answer 28

N: facial nerve A: elevates and retracts hyoid to elongate the floor of the mouth

Question 29

digastric

Answer 29

N: anterior belly is nerve to mylohyoid (trigeminal) posterior belly is facial nerve A: elevates hyoid bone and helps to depress the mandible to open the mouth

Question 30

oblique and transverse arytenoids

Answer 30

N: recurrent laryngeal of vagus A: close inlet of larynx by adducting arytenoid cart, narrowing rima glottidis

Question 31

posterior crico-arytenoid

Answer 31

N: recurrent laryngeal (vagus) A: abducts vocal folda and widens rima glottidis

Question 32

anterior scalene

Answer 32

O: anterior tubercles of C3-6 to the scalene tubercle of rib 1 N: C5-7 ventral rami

Question 33

middle scalene

Answer 33

O: posterior tubercles of C2-7 to the superior surface of rib 2 N: C3-8 ventral rami

Question 34

posterior scalene

Answer 34

O: posterior tubercles of C4-6 to the external border of rib 2 N: C6-8 ventral rami

Question 35

longus capitis

Answer 35

O: anterior tubercles of C3-6 to the basilar ortion of the occipital N: C1-3 ventral rami

Question 36

longus colli

Answer 36

O: bodies of T1-3, C4-7, and transverse processes of C3-6 to atlas, bodies of C2-4 and transverse processes of C5-6 N: C2-6 ventral rami

Question 37

splenius capitis

Answer 37

O: ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T6 to the mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral third of the superior nucal line of the occipital bone N: dorsal rami of middle cervical spinal nerves

Question 38

levator scapulae

Answer 38

O: transverse processes of first 4 cervical vert. to the superior part of the scapula N: C3-4 from the cervical plexus and a branch from dorsal scapular nerve (brachial plexus)