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Muscles of Back Flashcards

1
Q

MUSCLE LAYERS

A

SUPERFICIAL - movement upper limb
INTERMEDIATE - attached to ribs, respiratory function
(Extrinsic muscles innervated by Anterior Rami)
DEEP - movement vertebral column and head
( Intrinsic muscles innervated by Posterior Rami)

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2
Q

TRAPEZIUS (Origin)

A

Superior nuchal line
External occipital protuberance
Ligamentum nuchae
Spinous processes C7- T12

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3
Q

TRAPEZIUS (Insertion)

A

Lateral 1/3 Clavicle
Acromion
Spine of Scapula

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4
Q

TRAPEZIUS (Innervation)

A

Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
Proprioception (C3+C4)

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5
Q

TRAPEZIUS (Action)

A

UPPER fibres = Elevate scapula
MIDDLE fibres = Adduct/Retracts scapula
LOWER fibres = Depresses scapula

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6
Q

LATISSMUS DORSI (Origin)

A

Spinous Process T7-L5
Iliac Crest
Ribs 10-12

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7
Q

LATISSMUS DORSI (Insertion)

A

Medial Lip intertubercular sulcus of Humerus

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8
Q

LATISSMUS DORSI (Innervation)

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve (C6-C8)

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9
Q

LATISSMUS DORSI (Action)

A

Extends
Adducts
Medially Rotates Humerus

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10
Q

LEVATOR SCAPULAE (Origin)

A

Transverse Processes C1-C4

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11
Q

LEVATOR SCAPULAE (Insertion)

A

Upper portion Medial border Scapula

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12
Q

LEVATOR SCAPULAE (Innervation)

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)
C3+C4 Spinal Nerves

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13
Q

LEVATOR SCAPULAE (Action)

A

Elevates scapula
Assist in Rotating Lateral aspects inferiorly

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14
Q

RHOMBOID MINOR (Origin)

A

Lower portion Ligamentum Nuchae
Spinous Processes C7+T1

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15
Q

RHOMBOID MINOR (Insertion)

A

Medial border Scapula
Spine Scapula

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16
Q

RHOMBOID MINOR (Innervation)

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4-C5)

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17
Q

RHOMBOID MINOR (Action)

A

Adducts
Elevates scapula

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18
Q

RHOMBOID MAJOR (Origin)

A

Spinous Processes T2-T5

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19
Q

RHOMBOID MAJOR (Insertion)

A

Medial border scapula

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20
Q

RHOMBOID MAJOR (Innervation)

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4-C5)

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21
Q

RHOMBOID MAJOR (Action)

A

Adducts
Elevates Scapula

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22
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR (Origin)

A

Fibres DESCEND
Lower portion Ligamentum Nuchae
Spinous Processes C7-T3

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23
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR (Insertion)

A

Upper border Rib 2-5 (Lateral to angle)

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24
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR (Innervation)

A

Anterior Rami T2-T5

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25
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR (Action)

A

Elevates Ribs 2-5

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26
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR (Origin)

A

Fibres ASCEND
Spinous Processes T11-L3
Supraspinous Ligament

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27
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR (Insertion)

A

Lower border Ribs 9-12 (Lateral to angle)

28
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR (Innervation)

A

Anterior Rami T9- T12

29
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR (Action)

A

Depresses Ribs 9-12
May Prevent ribs elevating during diaphragm contraction

30
Q

THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA

A

(Lower Back pain)
SUPERIORLY
- Anteriorly to Serratus Posterior Superior
THORACIC REGION
- Covers /Separates deep muscles from other groups
MEDIALLY
- Attaches to spinous processes
LATERALLY
- Attaches to angle ribs

31
Q

THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA (Lumbar Region)

A
  1. POSTERIOR:
    ~ Thick, attaches to Spinous processes and sacrum
    ~ Cover Erector spinae
  2. INTERMEDIATE (MIDDLE):
    ~ Medially tips of Transverse processes
    ~ Inferiorly Iliac Crest
    ~ Superiorly lower border Rib 12
  3. ANTERIOR:
    ~ Covers Quadratus Lumborum
    ~ Medially Transverse Processes
    ~ Inferiorly Iliac Crest
    ~ Superiorly forms Lateral Arcuate Ligament
32
Q

SPINOTRANSVERSALES

A

Extensors and Rotators of Head and Neck
- Splenius Capitis
- Splenius Cervicis

33
Q

SPLENIUS CAPITIS (Origin)

A

Lower 1/2 Ligamentum Nuchae
Spinous Processes C7-T4

34
Q

SPLENIUS CAPITIS (Insertion)

A

Mastoid Process
Skull below Later 1/3 Superior Nuchal Line

35
Q

SPLENIUS CAPITIS (Innervation)

A

Posterior Rami MIDDLE Cervical Nerves (Between C3 and C4)

36
Q

SPLENIUS CAPITIS (Action)

A

INDIVIDUALLY - rotate head one side
TOGETHER - draws head backwards, extend neck

37
Q

SPLENIUS CERVICIS (Origin)

A

Spinous Processes T3- T6

38
Q

SPLENIUS CERVICIS (Insertion)

A

Transverse Processes C1-C3

39
Q

SPLENIUS CERVICIS (Innervation)

A

Posterior Rami LOWER Cervical Nerves

40
Q

SPLENIUS CERVICIS (Action)

A

INDIVIDUALLY - Rotate head one side
TOGETHER - Extend neck

41
Q

ERECTOR SPINAE

A

Extensors and Rotators of Vertebral Column
(Keep you UPRIGHT)
- Iliocostalis
- Longissimus
- Spinalis
ACTION:
Primary Extensor
BILATERALLY = straighten back, return upright position, pulls head posteriorly
UNILATERALLY = bends vertebral column Laterally, turns head actively contracting side

42
Q

ILIOCOSTALIS (Origin)

A

(Attaches angle of ribs)
LUMBORUM
- Sacrum and Spinous Processes Lumbar and Lower 2 Thoracic
- Iliac Crest

43
Q

ILIOCOSTALIS (Insertion)

A

CERVICIS
- Transverse Processes C4-C6

44
Q

LONGISSIMUS (Origin)

A

(Attaches Transverse Processes)
THORACIS
- Transverse Processes Lumbar vertebrae

45
Q

LONGISSIMUS (Insertion)

A

CERVICIS
- Posterior margin Mastoid Process

46
Q

SPINALIS (Origin)

A

(Attaches Spinous Processes)
THORACIS
- Transverse Processes Lumbar vertebrae

47
Q

SPINALIS (Insertion)

A

CAPITIS
-Blends with Semispinalis Capitis

48
Q

TRANSVERSOSPINALES

A

Extensors and Rotators of Vertebral Column
From Transverse processes to Spinous processes
DEEP to Erector Spinae
- Semispinalis
- Multifidus
- Rotatores

49
Q

SEMISPINALIS

A

Crosses 4-6 VERTEBRAE
Thoracic and Cervical regions
~ Semispinalis Thoracis
~ Semispinalis Cervicis
~ Semispinalis Capitis

50
Q

MULTIFIDUS

A

Lateral origin upward, Medially inserts Spinous process
Spans 2-4 VERTEBRAE
Starts = sacrum
Ends = Spinous Process Axis (C2)

51
Q

ROTATORES

A

Fibres upward and medially, Transverse to Spinous process
Cross 2 VERTEBRAE (Long Rotators)
Attach ADJACENT VERTEBRAE
~ Rotatores Lumborum
~ Rotatores Thoracis
~ Rotatores Cervicis

52
Q

SEGMENTAL MUSCLES

A
  1. Levatores Costarum
  2. Intertransversarii
  3. Interspinales
53
Q

SUBOCCIPITAL MUSCLES

A

Connects C1 to C2, vertebrae to base of skull
Extension and Rotation
~ atlanto-occipital joint
~ atlanto-axial joint
Innervated by Posterior Ramus C1

54
Q

RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR (Origin)

A

Spinous processes Axis (C2)

55
Q

RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR (Insertion)

A

Lateral part skull, below Interior Nuchal line

56
Q

RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR (Action)

A

Extension of head
Rotation of head to face same side

57
Q

RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR (Origin)

A

Posterior Tubercle Atlas (C1)

58
Q

RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR (Insertion)

A

Medial part skull, below Interior Nuchal line

59
Q

RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR (Action)

A

Extension of head

60
Q

OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIORIS (Origin)

A

Transverse Process Atlas (C1)
(ONLY muscle to originate from Transverse process)

61
Q

OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIORIS (Insertion)

A

Occipital bone between Nuchal lines

62
Q

OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIORIS (Action)

A

Extension of head
Bends head to side

63
Q

OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIORIS (Origin)

A

Spinous Process Axis (C2)

64
Q

OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIORIS (Insertion)

A

Transverse Process Atlas (C1)

65
Q

OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIORIS (Action)

A

Rotation of head to face same side

66
Q

SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE (Boundaries)

A

MEDIAL - Rectus Capitis Posterior Major and Minor
LATERAL - Obliquus Capitis Superioris
INFERIOR - Obliquus Capitis Inferioris

67
Q

SUBOCCIPITAL TRIANGLE (Contents)

A

Posterior Ramus C1
Vertebral Artery
Veins

Musculoskeletal System (17 decks)

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