Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Muscles: lower limb > Flashcards

Muscles: lower limb Flashcards

1
Q

2 muscles that make up iliopsoas muscle

A

iliacus

  • origin = iliac fossa
  • action = thigh flexion
  • innervation = femoral nerve

psoas major

  • origin = vertebral bodies T12-L4
  • action = thigh/hip flexion, thigh external rotation

fuse together and insert into lesser trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 main ligaments from hip to femur

A

ileofemoral
-AIIS to intertrochanteric line

pubofemoral
-superior pubic rami to intertrochanteric line

ishcialfemoral
-ischial body to greater trochanter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

superficial muscles of hip (gluteal)

A

gluteus maximus

  • origin: ilium/sacrum/coccyx
  • inserts: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity on femur

gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

superficial muscles of hip/ gluteal region

A

gluteus maximus

  • origin: ilium/sacrum/coccyx
  • inserts: iliotibial tract(ASIS-> lateral condyle of tibia) and gluteal tuberosity on femur
  • innervation: INFERIOR gluteal nerve
  • arterial: inferior + superior gluteal

gluteus medius

  • orgin: external surface of ilium
  • insertion: greater trochanter
  • innervation/arterial: SUPERIOR gluteal

gluteus minimus

  • origin: external surface of ilium (lower than medius)
  • insertion: greater trochanter
  • innervation/arterial: SUPERIOR gluteal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

deep muscles and ligaments of hip/gluteal region

A

piriformis
-internal/pelvic surface of sacrum

superior + inferior gemelli
-origin: ischial spine / tuberosity

obturator internus
-origin: internal surface of obturator foramen

above all insert into greater trochanter

obturator externus

  • external surface of obturator membrane/superior, inferior pubic rami
  • insert: trochanteric fossa

quadratus femoris
-ischial tuberosity to below intertrochanteric crest

ligaments:

  • sacrotuberous (ischial tuberosity + ilium-sacrum part + coccyx)
  • sacrospinous (sacrum + ischial spine)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

4 muscles making up quadriceps femoris

A

rectus femoris
-AIIS

vastus medialis
-intertrochanteric line

vastus intermedius

vastus lateralis
-greater trochanter

INSERTION - patella via tendon
INNERVATION - femoral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sartorius

A

origin - ASIS
insertion - medial part of tibia near tuberosity
nerve - femoral
action - flexion/abduction/external rotation of hip + internal rotation/flexion of knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

adductors of leg

A

All innervated by OBTURATOR (L2-4)

pectinous

  • also by femoral nerve
  • pecten pubis —-> pectineal line (femur)

adductor brevis

  • inferior pubic rami
  • linea aspera + pectineal line

adductor longus

  • medial superior pubic rami
  • linea aspera

adductor Magnus

  • Inferior pubic rami, ischial tuberosity
  • linea aspera + adductor tubercle of tibia
  • also by tibial nerve (L4) and branches of sciatic nerve

gracilis

  • pubic symphysis
  • medial tibia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

posterior hamstring muscles

A

all originate from ischial tuberosity (except short head - linea aspera of femur)

all innervated by sciatic nerve: tibial branch (except short head = common fibular branch)

action: FLEXION@knee EXTENSION@hip

semimebranous
-inserts: medial tibial

semitendinous
-medial tibial

long head of biceps femoris
-lateral tibial + fibula

short head of biceps femoris
-lateral tibial + fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

muscles marking the boundary for femoral triangle

A

SAIL (shaped)

Sartorius
adductor longus
inguinal Ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tensor fasciae latae

A

ASIS to iliotibial tract (ASIS–>lateral condyle of tibia)

superior gluteal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which muscles are responsible for knee:

  • flexion
  • extension
  • lateral/external rotation
  • internal rotation
A

FLEXION

  • gracilis
  • sartorious
  • popliteus

EXTENSION
- quadriceps femoris (1 rectus + 3 vastus)

LATERAL ROTATION
- biceps femoris

EXTERNAL

  • semimembranous
  • semitendonous
  • sartorious
  • popliteus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

action of ilitibial tract

A
  • tenses the fascia lata
  • abduction
  • flexion
  • INTERNAL rotation of hip joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

cruciate ligaments

A

ANTERIOR

  • anterior tibial intercondylar fossa–> posterior lateral condyle of femur
  • restricts anterior translation + medial rotation of tibia

POSTERIOR

  • posterior tibial intercondylar fossa —> anterior medial condyle
  • restricts posterior translation + lateral rotation of tibia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

talocural joint (ankle) ligaments + which ones most likely to be torn during ankle inversion

A

anterior + posterior TALOFIBULAR
anterior + posterior TIBIOFIBULAR
CALCANEOFIBULAR
Medial Collateral (Deltoid)

calcaneofibular and anterior talofibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

muscles of superficial posterior leg

A

Gastrocnemius

  • medial head - medial femoral condyle
  • lateral head - lateral femoral condyle

soleus
-soleus line of tibia

together–> calcenous tendon(achilles)–> they insert –>calcaneus

sciatic—> TIBIAL NERVE

17
Q

muscles of deep posterior leg

A

plantaris

  • not in everyone
  • lateral supracondylar line (femur)
  • calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achilles)

popliteus

  • lateral femoral condyle
  • posterior surface of tibia above soleus

tibialis posterior

flexor digitorum longus
-insert: bases of distal phalanges 2nd-5th digits

flexor hallucis longus
-insert: base of distal phalanx of 1st toe

TIBIAL NERVE/ARTERY

18
Q

lateral muscles of the leg

A

fibularis longus
-insert: medial cuneiform + base of 1st metatarsal bone

fibularis brevis
-insert: tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal

common peroneal nerve —->SUPERFICIAL fibular
action - evert the foot

19
Q

anterior muscles of leg

A

tibialis anterior

  • insert: medial cuneiform + 1st metatarsal
  • origin: lateral tibia

extensor digitorum longus

  • origin: lateral tibia
  • insert: bases of lateral 4 digits

extensor hallucis longus

  • origin: medial surface of fibula
  • base of distal phalanx of 1st toe

Peroneus (fibularis) tertiu
-not in everyone

common perineal nerve —> DEEP fibular

20
Q

muscles on dorsal aspect of foot

A

extensor hallucis brevis
-calcaneus to 1st proximal phalanx

extensor digitorum brevis
-calcaneus to middle phalanges of 4 digits

DEEP fibular nerve
dorsal pedis artery

21
Q

muscles within the 4 muscular layers of foot (plantar)

A

1 (origin: calcaneal tuberosity)

  • flexor digitorum brevis (middle phalanges) - medial plantar nerve
  • abductor hallucis (proximal) - medial plantar nerve
  • abductor digiti minimi (proximal) - lateral plantar nerve

2

  • quadratus plantae (calcaneous to flexor digitorum longus tendon) - lateral plantar nerve
  • 4 lumbricals (tendon of FDL)

3

  • flexor hallucis brevis (interosseous membrane/posterior fibula to distal 1st toe) - tibial nerve
  • adductor hallucis (oblique and transverse head) - lateral plantar
  • flexor digiti minimi brevis - lateral plantar

4

  • plantar interossei
  • dorsal interossei

Anatomy (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions