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Anatomy > Muscles: Lower Body > Flashcards

Muscles: Lower Body Flashcards

0
Q

External abdominal oblique

A

Muscles going down at an angle. (Hands in pockets) more superficial than internal abdominal obliques.
Action: compresses abdomen

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1
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

Vertical muscles that make up a six pack

Action: flexes torso O: pubic symphysis I: xiphoid process

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2
Q

Internal abdominal oblique

A

Muscles that go upward toward rectus abdominis. Deeper than external abdominal obliques.
Action: Compresses abdomen.

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3
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

Horizontal muscles going across abdomen. More deep.

Action: Compresses abdomen.

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4
Q

Linea alba

A

Fibrous strip that connects left and right rectus sheaths. On abdomen.

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5
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

Big muscle on butt.

Action: extends hip O: ilium

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6
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Biggest triangle of muscle on hip. Most superior.

Action: Abducts hip O: ilium I: greater trochanter of femur

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7
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Hip muscle deep under gluteus medius.

Action: abducts hip. O: ilium I: greater trochanter of femur

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8
Q

Piriformis

A

Second biggest triangle of muscle on hip. (Muscle is split on cadaver)
Action: lateral rotation of thigh I: greater trochanter of femur

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9
Q

Gemellus superior

A

One of three smaller triangle muscles in hip. Most superior.
Action: lateral rotation of thigh O: ischium I: greater trochanter of femur

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10
Q

Obturator internus

A

Middle hip muscle of three smaller triangle muscles.

Action: lateral rotation of thigh O: ischium I: greater trochanter of femur

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11
Q

Gemellus inferior

A

Most inferior hip muscle of three smaller triangle muscles.

Action: lateral rotation of thigh O: ischium I: greater trochanter of femur

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12
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Most inferior muscle of the hip muscles. “Square” muscle.

Action: lateral rotation of thigh

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13
Q

Sciatic nerve

A

Main nerve of leg in between Piriformis and gemellus superior.
Refers collectively to the tibial and fibular nerves.

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14
Q

Femoral tirangle

A

Anterior region by groin. Bounded by inguinal ligament, sartorius, and adductor longus, contains the femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein and lymphatics.

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15
Q

Popliteal fossa

A

Posterior cavity of space on the back of the knee. Contains sciatic nerve (and branches), popliteal artery and popliteal vein.

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16
Q

Tensor facsiae latae

A

Superiorish muscle on leg on lateral side. Superficial. Close to head of femur.

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17
Q

Iliotibial band

A

Band of tissue all across lateral side of leg.

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18
Q

Sartorius

A

Longest muscle in the body. Medial to the leg. Superficial.

Action: laterally rotates hip

19
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Long leg muscle that connects to the lesser trochanter of femur and goes into the abdomin/spine. Can be seen on medial side of upper leg. Small portion of it is seen. Superior to pectineus.
Action: flexes hip I: lesser trochanter of femur

20
Q

Pectineus

A

Next to and more superior to adductor longus. Medial side of leg.
Action: adducts hip

21
Q

Gracilis

A

Most medial muscle on leg.

Action: adducts hip

22
Q

Adductor longus

A

Anterior to gracilis. In between pectineus and gracilis.

Action: adducts hip

23
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Posterior to gracilis.

Action: adducts hip

24
Q

Adductor brevis

A

Directly underneath adductor longus

Action: adducts hip

25
Q

Biceps femoris - long head

A

Muscle on posterior and lateral side. A hamstring. More superficial than short head.
Action: flexes knee; extends hip O: ishcial tuberosity I: head of fibula

26
Q

Biceps femoris - short head

A

A hamstring on lateral and posterior side. Deeper than long head
Action: flexes knee O: femur I: head of fibula

27
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Hamstring on posterior of leg. Medial hamstring and more superficial than the semimembranosus.
Action: flexes knee; extends hip O: ishcial tuberosity I: tibia

28
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Hamstring on posterior of leg. Deeper than the semitendinosus.
Action: flexes knee; extends hip O: ishcial tuberosity I: tibia

29
Q

Quadriceps femoris rectus femoris

A

Anterior quad muscle on leg. Most anterior. Superficial to q.f. vastus intermedius.
Action: extends knee I: tibial tuberosity

30
Q

Quadriceps femoris vastus lateralis

A

Quad muscle on leg. Anterior on leg. On lateral side. Next to q.f. Rectus femoris.
Action: extends knee I: tibial tuberosity

31
Q

Quadriceps femoris vastus medialis

A

Anterior quad on leg. Next to q.f. rectus femoris. Lateral on leg.
Action: extends knee I: tibial tuberosity

32
Q

Quadriceps femoris vastus intermedius

A

Directly underneath the q.f. rectus femoris. Anterior but deep.
Action: extends knee I: tibial tuberosity

33
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Most anterior muscle. Can be seen on lateral and sometimes medial sides.
Action: dorsiflexes foot

34
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

Small muscle by tibialis anterior and slightly under extensor digitorum longus. Lateral side.
Action: extends big toe I: first phalanx

35
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

Lateral side of leg. Next to tibialis anterior and fibularis longus.
Action: extends toes #2-5 I: phalanges 2-5

36
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

Lateral side of leg. Under fibularis longus. Muscle fibers kind of go in a different different direction than fibularis longus. Deeper.
Action: everts foot

37
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Most posterior calf muscle. Attaches to the Achilles’ tendon.
Action: plantar flexes foot; flexes knee O: condyles of femur I: calcaneus bone

38
Q

Soleus

A

Deeper than the gastrocnemius. Part of the calf muscle and attaches to the Achilles’ tendon.
Action: plantar flexes foot I: calcaneus bone

39
Q

Calcaneal tendon

A

Aka Achilles’ tendon. Combined tendons of gastrocnemius and Soleus. By ankle.

40
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Muscle under gastrocnemius and soleus. In the middle of the leg on tibia.
Action: plantar flexes foot

41
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

Muscle on medial inside of foot. Next to tibialis posterior. Deeper than flexor hallicus longus. Inferior to popliteus
Action: flexes toes I: phalanges 2-5

42
Q

Popliteus

A

By knee on medial side. Muscle fibers going at a downward angle. Superior to flexor digitorum longus.

43
Q

Extensor retinaculum

A

Thickened fascia that binds tendons in place as they cross the ankle. Y shaped on foot.

44
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Seems to be most lateral muscle on leg. On top of fibularis brevis.
Action: everts foot

45
Q

Flexor hallicus longus

A

Underneath the tibialis posterior directly on tibia bone.

Action: flexes big toe. I: first phalanx

Anatomy (9 decks)

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