Anatomy > Axial Skeleton and Muscles > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton and Muscles Flashcards

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0
Q

Coronal suture

A

Between frontal and parietal bones - top of head

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1
Q

Frontal bone

A

Forehead bone on skull

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2
Q

Frontal sinus

A

Space in the frontal bone superior to eyebrows

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3
Q

Parietal bones

A

Top two sides of the skull. Two of them.

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4
Q

Sagittal suture

A

Separates left and right parietal bones

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5
Q

Middle meningeal artery impression

A

Impression where the arteries would be. Inside skull on lateral sides.

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6
Q

Temporal bones

A

Lateral sides. Behind ears. Two of them.

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7
Q

Squamosal suture (squamous suture)

A

Between temporal and parietal bones

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8
Q

External auditory meatus (external acoustic meatus)

A

Ear hole, by jaw

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9
Q

Mandibular fossa

A

Scoop in front of auditory meatus. Superior to meatus

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10
Q

Zygomatic process

A

Part of cheek but still part of temporal bone. Anterior.

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11
Q

Styloid process

A

Interior to meatus. Attachment for muscles of tongue, pharynx and hyoid. Long skinny stalactite bone.

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12
Q

Mastoid process

A

Bump behind ear. Contains air sinuses.

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13
Q

Jugular foramen

A

Between temporal and occipital bones, passageway for internal jugular vein and cranial nerves. Hole lateral to foramen magnum. Bottom of skull. Sort of under petrous part.

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14
Q

Petrous part

A

Ridge of bone surrounding meatus canal. Inside skull

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15
Q

Internal auditory meatus

A

Hole inside skull for ear

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16
Q

Occipital bone

A

Bottom portion of skull

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17
Q

Lambdoidal suture

A

Parietal meeting occipital

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18
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Big hole for spinal cord and spine

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19
Q

Occipital condyles

A

Smooth bumps by anterior side of magnum. Outside of occipital.

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20
Q

External occipital protuberance

A

Big bump on skull by base of skull/neck

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21
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

Looks like a butterfly. Back of the mouth. Middle of the skull

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22
Q

Greater wings of sphenoid

A

Large wings that make up part of eye sockets.

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23
Q

Lesser wings of sphenoid

A

Smaller wings still part of eye sockets. Don’t get confused with legs.

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24
Optic foramen
Passageway for optic nerves and opthalmic artery. Hole under lesser wings.
25
Superior orbital fissure
Passageways for blood vessels and nerves of the orbit. Under lesser wings. Gash. Don't get confused with optic foramen.
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Inferior orbital fissure
Between sphenoid and maxillary bones.
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Sella turcica
Saddle of scoop middle of bone behind nose.
28
Foramen rotundum
Passageway for cranial nerves. Round holes by nose.
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Foramen spinosum
Passageway for middle meningeal artery and cranial nerves. Tiny holes by foramen ovale s.
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Foramen ovale
Passageway for blood vessels and cranial nerves. Big oval holes on anterior side.
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Foramen lacerum
Inferior to sella
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Pterygoid processes
Legs of butterfly. Back of oral cavity.
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Ethmoid bone
Hangs down into the nasal cavity. Anterior to the sphenoid bone
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Crista galli
Septum of tiny holes. Inside of skull.
35
Cribriform plate
Inside of skull. Plate with tiny holes.
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Perpendicular plate
Hangs down into nasal cavity
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Middle nasal conchae
Ridges inside nasal cavity
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Mandible
Lower jaw
39
Ramus
Vertical section. Posterior side.
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Coronoid process
More anterior process on back of jaw.
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Mandibular notch
Dip between Coronoid and condylar processes.
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Condylar process
More posterior process on backside of mandible.
43
Mandibular foramen
Hole on backside of Ramus
44
Body
Frontal part with teeth in it. Horizontal.
45
Mental foramen
Hole on body of mandible.
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Alveolus
Tooth socket.
47
Maxillae
Upper jaws. Two of them.
48
Infraorbital foramen
Hole below eye socket
49
Maxillary sinus
Big hole or cavern on backside of bone.
50
Palatine process
Anterior part of of hard palate. Roof of mouth projection
51
Sutural bones. (Wormian bones)
Any island of bone found in sutures of bones of skull.
52
Palatine bones.
Posterior part of hard palate. In mouth
53
Zygomatic bones
Cheek bones
54
Nasal bones.
Bridge of the nose
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Lacrimal bones
Medial side of eye socket. By tear ducts.
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Vomer
Thin bone inside nasal cavity. Septum.
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Inferior nasal conchae
Lower nodules in nasal cavity
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Hyoid
Horseshoe bone.
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True ribs
1-7. First 7 superior to inferior
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False ribs
8-12. Bottom ribs.
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Floating ribs
11-12 not attached to sternum.
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Head, neck, tubercle, shaft of ribs
First, second, third and fourth from proximal to distal.
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Costal cartilages
Attaches end of rib to sternum.
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Spinalis
Most medial back muscle next to spine. Long and deep. | A:extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column
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Longissimus
Middle back muscle next to spinalis and iliocostalis. Deep and long. A: extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column
66
Iliocostalis
Most lateral back muscle. Next to longissimus. | A: extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column O: ilium I: ribs
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Platysma
Skinny muscle from corner of mouth to to collar bone | A: depresses corner of mouth
68
Sternocleidomastoid
Long big neck muscle from mastoid process to sternum. | A: rotates and flexes head O: sternum, clavicle I: mastoid
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Trapezius
Triangular muscle. Posterior on neck. A: elevation, depression, and adduction of scapula O: external occipital protuberance, thoracic vertebrae I: scapula
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Semispinalis capitis
Deep right next to trapezius. Little triangle. Superficially superior. A: extend head O: cervical vertebrae I: occipital bone
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Splenius capitis
Inferior to semispinalis capitis but superior to levator scapulae. A: extends head O: cervical vertebrae I: mastoid
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Levator scapulae
Inferior to splenius captitis but superior to scalenes. | A: elevates scapula O: cervical vertebrae I: scapula
73
Scalenes
Most inferior neck muscle. A: lateral flexion of neck O: cervical vertebrae I: ribs 1-2
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Omohyoid
Long thin muscle lateral to sternohyoid. | A: depresses hyoid bone O: scapula I: hyoid bone
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Sternohyoid
Throat muscle covering thyroid cartilage. A: depresses hyoid bone O: manubrium I: hyoid bone
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Thyrohyoid
Collar like muscle around hyoid bone. Under Omohyoid and sternohyoid. A: depresses hyoid bone O: thyroid cartilage I: hyoid bone
77
Stylohyoid
Under chin by Ramus. Not directly under chin bone. One belly. More medial by Ramus than digastric. A: elevates hyoid bone O: styloid process I: hyoid bone
78
Digastric
Can be split into two bellies. More lateral by Ramus than Stylohyoid. A: depresses mandible O: mastoid process I: body of mandible
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Masseter
Big muscle parallel to Ramus. | A: elevates mandible O: zygomatic process I: Ramus of mandible
80
Buccinator
Cheek muscle deeper than Masseter. | A: compresses cheek
81
Temporalis
Side of head by temple. Can feel it when contracted. | A: elevates mandible O: temporal bone I: Coronoid process, mandibular ramus
82
Orbicularis oris
Ring of muscle around mouth | A: closes mouth, puckers lips
83
Frontalis
A: elevates eyebrows O: frontal bone
84
Occipitalis
Muscles on back of lateral head. | A: retracts scalp O: occipital bone
85
Orbicularis oculi
Ring or muscle around eyes. A: closes eyelids
86
Zygomaticus major
Diagonal muscle. A: elevates corner of mouth O: zygomatic bone
Anatomy
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